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Catalyst Preparation by Dry Migration Method for Hydrogen Concentration Cell to Convert Heat into Electricity

干迁移法制备氢浓槽热电转换催化剂

基本信息

批准号：
09650862
负责人：
SAITO Yasukazu
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
Science University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A thermo-regenerative fuel cell has been proposed by combining an endothermic catalylic reaction of2-propanol dehydrogenation with a fuel cell driven by hydrogen and acetone, being constituted with electrode catalysts and a polymer electrolyte membrane. Low-quality heats such as solar and geotherinal heats or waste heats in factories are converted into electricity by this device system at the sacrifice of heat removal into ambient circumstances in order to separate 2-propanol and acetone by fractional distillation. It is to be noted that acetone is hydrogenated more electrochemicaly facile than molecular oxygen, because the catbonyl protonation and reduction proceeds much casier than cleavage of the O-O triple bond.Not only the cathode/anode couple of hydrogen versus acetone but also the hydrogen spillover onto the catalyst carbon support from the metal fine particles through 2-propanol dehydrogenation are applicable to this electrochemical conversion. Moreover, the spillover ability as well as dehydrogenation activity of catalyst metal particles are not determined by an equilibrium factor but under a kinetical control.Aiming at the development of suitable catalysts for 2-propanol dehydrogenation and hydrogen spillover. preparation of bimetallic nano-size particles supported on highly-porous carbon has been attempted by applying the method of dry migration and reaction between a palladium catalyst and ruthenium carbonyl cluster complexes under hydrogen atmosphere. Appreciable results were obtained for the research object of high dehydrogenation activity and hydrogen spillover.Electrochemical measurements were performed by a research group in Electrotechnical Laboratory. MITI, in which reasonable voltage-current relationships and open-circuit voltages at various temperatures were demonstrated.

将异丙醇脱氢的吸热催化反应与氢和丙酮驱动的燃料电池相结合，提出了一种由电极催化剂和聚合物电解质膜构成的热再生燃料电池。低质量的热量，如太阳能和地热或工厂中的废热，通过该设备系统转换为电能，牺牲了对环境的热量去除，以便通过分馏蒸馏分离异丙醇和丙酮。值得注意的是，丙酮的氢化比分子氧更容易进行，因为羰基质子化和还原比O-O三键的断裂进行得更容易。不仅氢对丙酮的阴/阳极对，而且金属微粒通过异丙醇脱氢溢出到催化剂碳载体上的氢也适用于这种电化学转化。此外，催化剂金属颗粒的溢流能力和脱氢活性不是由平衡因素决定的，而是受动力学控制的，旨在开发适用于异丙醇脱氢和氢溢流的催化剂。在氢气气氛下，采用钯催化剂与Ru-羰基簇合物干式迁移反应的方法，制备了高孔炭负载的双金属纳米颗粒。针对高脱氢活性和氢溢流的研究对象，取得了可喜的结果。电工实验室的一个研究小组进行了电化学测试。其中，合理的电压-电流关系和开路电压在不同的温度。