Sexual allocation in hermaphroditic plants

为了解释雌性偏向的性分配在雌雄同体的植物，我们开发了一个博弈论模型，将源库关系的花/果实生长。在这个模型中，花/果生长速率要么受其库强度（其潜在相对生长速率和绝对大小的乘积）的限制，要么受植物的源强度（生殖资源的供应速率）的限制。我们表明，女性偏向性分配是进化稳定的，如果水果生长是水槽限制至少在其生长的早期阶段。如果生殖资源的供给率相对于潜在的相对增长率是大的，则女性偏向的程度是强的。如果生产一个种子的相对成本与生产一个胚珠的相对成本相比是大的，与以前的性分配模型相反，在以前的性分配模型中，性分配比率与生产一个胚珠和一个种子的成本无关。因此，水果生长的库限制可以是一个普遍的因素，选择女性偏见的性分配观察到的雌雄同体的植物，无论他们的交配系统。

To explain female-biased sexual allocation in cosexual plants, we developed a game theoretic model incorporating a source-sink relationship of flower/fruit growth. In this model, flower/fruit growth rate is either limited by its sink strength (the product of its potential relative growth rate and absolute size) or by the source strength (supply rate of reproductive resources) of the plant. We show that female-biased sexual allocation is evolutionarily stable if fruit growth is sink-limited at least in the early stage of its growth. The degree of female-bias is strong if the supply rate of reproductive resources is large relative to the potential relative growth rate. The degree of female-bias is also strong if the relative cost of producing one seed as compared with that of producing one ovule is large, in contrast to the previous sexual allocation models, in which the sexual allocation ratio is independent of the costs of producing one ovule and one seed. Thus, sink-limitation of fruit growth can be a general factor that selects for female-biased sexual allocation observed in cosexual plants irrespective of their mating systems.