Mono-Component Electret Toner for Color Photocopy Machines and Laser Printers

在复印机和激光打印机中，人们尝试应用在使用前已充电的墨粉。首先，通过摩擦充电、电晕充电和电子束辐照对碳粉进行充电，并考察了碳粉的电荷保持特性。当碳粉通过摩擦充电时，其充电时间是三种充电方式中保持时间最长的。对碳粉进行了等离子体处理，以提高其电荷保持能力。结果发现，氟等离子体处理显著增加了带电碳粉的电荷衰减时间常数。此外，氟等离子体处理还使碳粉的充电倾向发生了负向变化。另一方面，Ar等离子体处理降低了墨粉的电荷保持能力，使墨粉的电荷倾向向正方向移动。然而，氟等离子体处理给定影带来了错误的影响。为了研究碳粉的电荷衰减机理，对带电聚合物层进行了热刺激电荷衰减(TSCD)测量。对于正电晕充电、负电晕充电和摩擦充电，聚丙烯中的陷阱深度分别为0.99 eV、1.2 eV和0.19 eV。对于碳粉中的长期电荷保持而言，这些值足够大。对含有电荷控制剂(CCA)的聚合物进行了热激电流(TSC)测量。发现捕获位置位于聚合物和CCA之间。最后，研究了与操作相关的碳粉电荷的变化，如搅拌、运输等，这些变化应为实际应用清除。

Application of toners, which had been charged before use, was tried to the development in photocopy machines and laser printers. First, toners were charged by tribocharging, corona-charging and electron beam irradiation, and charge keeping characteristics of toners were examined. The toner, when charged by tribocharging, kept its charge for the longest period among the three ways of charging. Plasma treatment was applied to the toners to improve its charge maintaining ability. As a result, fluorine plasma treatment was found to increase the time constant considerably for charge decay from charged toner. In addition, the fluorine plasma treatment shifted charging tendency of the toner in negative direction. On the other hand, argon plasma treatment of toners decreased their charge maintaining ability and shifted their charging tendency in positive direction. However, the fluorine plasma treatment gave wrong influence of fixing.Thermally stimulated charge decay (TSCD) measurements were carried out on charged polymer layers to study the charge decay mechanism from toners. The trap depths in polypropylene were 0.99eV, 1.2eV and 0.19eV for positive corona-charging, negative corona-charging and tribocharging, respectively. These values are large enough for long term charge maintaining in toners. Thermally stimulated current (TSC) measurements were made on polymers containing charge control agent (CCA). Trapping sites were found to be located between the polymer and CCA.Finally, change in toner charge associated with handling, such as agitation, transport, etc. was examined, which should be cleared for practical applications.