Visualization inside Rock using AE and Mechanical Data detected at the Drilling Bit Position

在地下工程施工中，在开挖和支护之前，获取岩体结构面的分布等信息是非常重要的。在钻头位置处检测到的机械数据（扭矩和推力）和AE（声发射）可用于理解地下结构，沿着在钻机现场监测的冲程和转数数据。为此，本论文进行了岩体内部可视化的硬件和软件系统的实验研究。室内钻井实验表明，声发射变化、扭矩和推力在钻头位置检测反映岩石类型的差异和定位不连续性.采用光纤收发器和调频波两种信号传输方式，都能将信号从钻头位置通过钻杆传输到钻机现场.另外，还开发了一种利用IC存储器在钻头后进行数据记录的系统，钻井实验证实了该系统的有效性.利用神经网络技术开发了测井数据分析系统，实现了测井数据的客观解释和地层及结构面的显示，在实验室实验中成功地检测了声发射、扭矩和钻头位置处的推力。这些数据比传统的方法更能直接反映岩石钻探的信息。特别地，发现如果其制造的电路小、防水和防震，则这种使用IC存储器的数据记录方法应该是任何未来钻井系统中有用的包含物。

In underground construction, it is important to obtain rock structure information, including distribution of discontinuities, before excavation and support setting. Mechanical data (torque and thrust) and AE (acoustic emission) detected at the drill bit position can be useful for understanding underground structure along with stroke and revolution data monitored at the drilling machine site. Therefore, laboratory experiments were performed to develop hardware and software systems to visualize the rock mass interior.The following results were obtained through experimentation :1. Laboratory drilling experiments showed that AE variation, torque, and thrust detected at the bit position reflected rock type differences and located discontinuities.2. Both signal transmission methods using optical transceiver and FM wave were able to transmit signals from the bit position to the drilling machine site through drilling rods.3. Also, another data logging system using IC memory arranged behind the bit position was developed ; drilling experiments confirmed effectiveness of this system.4. A data analysis system using neural network techniques was also developed for objective interpretation of logged data and display of logged strata and discontinuities.The system developed in this project could successfully detect AE, torque, and thrust at the drill bit position in laboratory experiments. These data could more directly reflect information about rock drilling than conventional methods. In particular, it was found that this data logging method using IC memory should be a useful inclusion in any future drilling system if its manufactured electric circuit were small, waterproof, and shockproof.