THE EFFECTS OF SOME TERRAIN ON WIND CHARACTERISTICS IN STRONG WINDS

通过对九州地区风测网系统（NeWMeK）的风场分布进行分析，得到了地形对风场分布的影响。该系统是利用NeWMeK 121个站点的观测资料制作的大风分布图开发的，能够显示视野内强风分布特征。以局部地区特有的强风特征为例，验证了福冈市西区仅在南风方向上表现出强烈的阵风因子2。利用数字地图信息数据（50m mesh），将NeWMeK的121个观测点根据地形考虑风向大致划分为：(1)平地，(2)山麓（向下），(3)山麓（向上），(4)斜面（向下），(5)斜面（向上），(6)山顶（平行），(7)山顶（交叉），(8)山谷（平行），…More(9)山谷（交叉）。NeWMeK站点风速计的安装高度在30-190米之间。将高度布置到30m，考虑地形和风向对风速进行校正。而布置高度前后整体风场变化不大。在虚拟恒风吹向整个九州的情况下，利用LSD方法估算了局地风的增增率，并可视化了虚拟风分布图。结果表明，该分布图与非台风时的风场分布情况基本吻合。但事实证明，这种方法并不适用于某些站点。利用风洞研究了脉动气流中脉动式风车风速计的气动特性。脉动周期和风的攻角对脉动式风车风速仪测量的风速有较大的影响。兹证明风速计在风攻角超过十度时的作用不足。少

By some wind distribution analyses using a network system of wind measurement in Kyushu, which we call NeWMeK, the following results are obtained about the effects of topography.1. The system, which can show the characteristics of the strong wind distribution in the sight, was developed utilizing the counter map of wind distribution using the observation data of 121 sites of NeWMeK. As an example of a local area where peculiar strong wind characteristics is shown, it was verified that the west district of Fukuoka City showed a strong gust factor only for the south wind direction.2. Considering the wind direction the 121 observation sites of NeWMeK are roughly classified into the following divisions according to the terrain using the digital map information data (50m mesh) : (1) flat, (2) foothill (downward), (3) foothill (upward), (4) inclined plane (downward), (5) inclined plane (upward), (6) summit of a mountain (parallel), (7) summit of a mountain (cross), (8) valley (parallel), and … More (9) valley (cross.)3. The installation altitudes of the anemometers of NeWMeK sites vary within the range of 30-190m high. To arrange the height to 30m, the correction to the wind speeds was estimated considering the terrain and the wind directions. However a big change was not seen in whole wind distribution before and after arranging the height.4. In the case that the virtual constant wind blows to the whole of Kyushu, the rate of increase of local wind were estimated by the LSD method and the map of the virtual wind distribution were visualized. It is found that the map was almost corresponding to the situations of the wind distributions at non-typhoon. However it was confirmed that this method couldn't apply to some sites.5. The aerodynamic properties of a pulse type windmill anemometer in pulsation flows using a wind tunnel is discussed. It is found that the pulsation period and the attack angles of wind influence strongly on the measured wind speeds by the pulse type windmill anemometer. It is certificated that the responsibility of the anemometer is insufficient over ten degrees of the attack angle of wind. Less