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Basic Studies on Nature Conservation and Recreational Use in Mountain Watershed Areas

山地流域自然保护与游憩利用基础研究

基本信息

批准号：
09460065
负责人：
AMADA Takaaki
金额：
$ 8.19万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09460065/
关键词：
natural environment recreation amenity assessment brain waves GIS AHP method riparian zone stream 森林レクリエーション河川源流部河川景観流水音

项目摘要

a) Overuse is the major issue in the watershed areas in the mountain ranges. The historic statistics and current visitor surveys in Daisetsuzan National Park clarified the relationships between access improvement and increment of visitor numbers. Further analysis by GIS demonstrated that access improvement encouraged the rapid increase of day-hikers and caused soil erosion at trails located on fragile environment covered with alpine vegetation.b) For the purpose of evaluating the mental effects of watershed areas, the impact of natural sounds such as waterfalls, streams and bird songs were compared with man-made noises with the help of an electroencephalograph. Then the recorded data was analyzed using both fuzzy AHP and SD method. It became clear that the subjects prefer bird songs and murmurs to sounds of waterfalls or in an-made noises.c) The relations between vegetation types and human and wildlife impacts were studied at watersheds in Nikko National Park, It became clear that the number of visitors doubled in 12 years, and deer browsed heavily the vegetation at watershed areas. So far non-native vegetation is not obvious, but the possibility of invasion of naturalized plants is high.d) It is indispensable to grasp riverbed topography to support the construction of environmentally harmonized erosion control facilities at mountain watershed areas. For this purpose, a stream information analysis system consisting of an image processor and a digital camera was developed.

a）过度使用是山脉分水岭地区的主要问题。通过对大雪山国家公园的历史数据和游客现状的调查，阐明了大雪山国家公园交通改善与游客数量增加之间的关系。进一步的分析表明，访问的改善鼓励了白天徒步旅行者的迅速增加，并造成土壤侵蚀的步道位于脆弱的环境覆盖着高山植被。B）为了评估流域地区的心理影响，自然声音，如瀑布，溪流和鸟鸣的影响进行了比较，与人造噪音的帮助下，脑电图。然后采用模糊层次分析法和SD法对记录数据进行分析。很明显，受试者更喜欢鸟的歌声和低语声，而不是瀑布的声音或人造噪音。c）在尼科国家公园的流域，研究了植被类型与人类和野生动物影响之间的关系。目前，外来植被尚不明显，但归化植物入侵的可能性很大。d）掌握河床地形是山区流域水土保持设施建设的重要依据。为此，开发了由图像处理器和数码相机组成的流信息分析系统。