Wetting Phenomena of Mercury near the critical point

这是一个很好的已知liquid mercury是一个非wetting substance on solid non-metallic substrateunder the ambient conditions. Indeed the closest example in common experience of a non-wettingsubstance is a mercury drop on a glass plate. However，at high temperatures and high pressures close to the liquid-vapor critical point of mercury，我们发现sapphire substrate is wetted with mercury. This change from non-wetting to wettingtakes place as a 1st order phase transitionand is called a wetting transition.In the present study，我们tried to develop the above study further.我们激发了一个新的实验技术ellipsometric measurements,它可以应用于high temperature and high pressure conditions. By using this technique我们succeeded in determining important physical quantities， such as coverage Γ，which is the order parameter of the wetting transition. This技术makes us possible to studythe physical properties of the wetting layer as an two-dimensional liqu…more id,我们包含了wetting layer是semiconducting properties. This result gives importantinformation on the problem why the sapphire substrate is wetted by mercury. In addition，我们发现了一个wetting phenomena也可以检测热radiationintensity . indeed,a sharp dip in the thermal radiation intensity is observed in the prewetting supercritical region，where the two-dimensional compressibility (αΓ/αμ) - D2τ D2 is expected to show a maximum due to thecritical fluctuations. Here μ is the chemical potential.As stated above，我们提供新经验技术，by which we can determine experimentally both the mean values and the fluctuations of physicalquantities characterizing the wetting phenomena with high accuracy.这些技术是expected to不仅适用于sapphire-mercury系统，但也适用于其他系统。The results of Thepresent research project are reported in "Adriatico research conference on wetting" （Treste, Treste）Italy) as an invited lecture. The head investigator of The present research project organized asymposium on "wetting phenomena" in the meeting of the physical society of Japan for the first time。less

It is well known that liquid mercury is a non-wetting substance on solid non-metallic substrate under the ambient conditions. Indeed the closest example in common experience of a non-wetting substance is a mercury drop on a glass plate. However, at high temperatures and high pressures close to the liquid-vapor critical point of mercury, we found that sapphire substrate is wetted with mercury. This change from non-wetting to wetting takes place as a 1st order phase transition, and is called a wetting transition.In the present study, we tried to develop the above study further. We invented a new experimental technique for ellipsometric measurements, which can be applied to high temperature and high pressure conditions. By using this technique, we succeeded in determining important physical quantities, such as coverage Γ, which is the order parameter of the wetting transition. This technique makes us possible to study the physical properties of the wetting layer as an two-dimensional liqu … More id, and we concluded that the wetting layer has semiconducting properties. This result gives important information on the problem why the sapphire substrate is wetted by mercury. In addition, we found that the wetting phenomena can also be detected by measuring the thermal radiation intensity. Indeed, a sharp dip in the thermal radiation intensity is observed in the prewetting supercritical region, where the two-dimensional compressibility (αΓ/αμ)ィイD2τィエD2 is expected to show a maximum due to the critical fluctuations. Here μ is the chemical potential.As stated above, we invented new experimental techniques, by which we can determine experimentally both the mean values and the fluctuations of physical quantities characterizing the wetting phenomena with high accuracy. These techniques are expected to be applied not only to sapphire-mercury system but also to other systems. The results of the present research project are reported in "Adriatico research conference on wetting" (Treste, Italy) as an invited lecture. The head investigator of the present research project organized a symposium on "wetting phenomena" in the meeting of the physical society of Japan for the first time. Less