权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Fundamental Resarch on Impact Energy absorbing Actuators of Shape Memory Alloys

形状记忆合金冲击吸能执行器的基础研究

基本信息

批准号：
09450097
负责人：
TANI Junji
金额：
$ 3.9万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09450097/
关键词：
Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys Stress-sensitive Shape Memory Alloys Impact Energy Absorbing, Actuators アクチュエータ

项目摘要

In this research, impact energy absorbing actuators of shape memory alloys (SMA) was studied by using both the shape memory effect and superelasticity of SMA.Three types of SMAs, temperature-sensitive SMA, magnetic SMA (Ni2MnGa) and stress-sensitive SMA (FeNiSi), were used. When collision of cars is predicted by sensors, magnetic field is applied to the SMA actuators so that the collision energy can be absorbed by the shape memory effect and superelasticity of SMA actuators.First, the relationship between impact force and absorbed energy, impact response of SMA material, the method of magnetic field generation and influence of temperature are clarified theoretically and experimentally in this research. Next the concept of impact energy absorbing actuator was proposed. In order to increase the response speed, magnetic field and stress were also used to induce phase transition in SMAs in addition to temperature. Hence, the possibility of impact energy absorbing SMA actuators, which were impossible for traditional SMAs, has been shown.In the last of this research project, the static characteristics of magnetic SMA and stress-sensitive SMA were investigated. The static characteristics include the relationship between the critical magnetic field strength and temperature for phase transition of magnetic SMA, and the relationship between critical stress and temperature of stress-sensitive SMA.Based on the static characteristics, impact response test was performed. By applying large electric current with capacitors, the response time of SMA actuators was decreased to about 10ms in the experiment.

利用形状记忆合金的形状记忆效应和超弹性特性对形状记忆合金的冲击吸能作动器进行了研究。采用温度敏感型SMA、磁性SMA （Ni2MnGa）和应力敏感型SMA （FeNiSi）三种类型的SMA。当传感器预测汽车碰撞时，在SMA致动器上施加磁场，使碰撞能量被SMA致动器的形状记忆效应和超弹性吸收。首先，从理论上和实验上阐明了冲击力与吸收能量的关系、SMA材料的冲击响应、磁场的产生方法以及温度的影响。然后提出了冲击吸能作动器的概念。为了提高响应速度，除了温度外，还利用磁场和应力诱导sma发生相变。从而证明了传统SMA无法实现的冲击吸能SMA致动器的可能性。在本课题的最后，研究了磁性SMA和应力敏感型SMA的静态特性。静态特性包括磁性SMA相变的临界磁场强度与温度的关系，以及应力敏感型SMA的临界应力与温度的关系。基于静态特性，进行了冲击响应试验。在实验中，通过在电容器上施加大电流，将SMA致动器的响应时间缩短到10ms左右。