DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH OF THE MAGNET WHEEL FOR MAGNETIC LEVITATION VEHICLE

磁轮是一种具有感应式斥力和推力的电磁装置。这项研究使以下事实变得清晰。对于磁铁轮的设计：每磁体体积的升力近似与磁极磁通分布的基本因素成正比。磁体长度与极距长度的最佳比值为2/3 ~ 5/6.2。当极距约为间隙长度的20倍时，极数越大，性能越好。对于外径20cm，间隙5mm的磁铁轮，最好采用四极配置。从升力/体积特性来看，充磁方向上永磁体的最佳厚度约为2cm。在导电板上：每驱动功率的升力近似只与导电板的表面电导率成正比，其定义为电导率乘以厚度的值。关于自驱动磁轮的单元：电枢的轭架虽然增加了重量，但有效地增加了驱动扭矩和升力。与使用普通电机旋转的方法相比，可以实现非常紧凑和轻便的磁铁轮。功率因数在输入驱动器可以几乎是1.0，尽管感应排斥悬浮。上磁浮车辆采用四个单元的自驱动磁体轮：磁铁轮对自身重量有足够大的升力，悬浮所需驱动功率的一半可转化为推力。消去力矩分量，实现无振动的稳定悬浮。

The magnet wheel is the electromagnetic device with the induction type repulsive force and thrust. This research made the following facts become clear.For the design of the magnet wheel :1. The lift force per magnets volume is approximately proportional to the fundamental factor of flux distribution of magnet poles. The optimum ratio of the length of magnet to the length of pole pitch is from 2/3 to 5/6.2. When the pole pitch about 20 times the gap length is given, the larger the number of poles is , the performance is better. For the magnet wheel with a 20cm outside diameter a the gap of 5mm, four-pole configuration is best.3. The optimum thickness of permanent magnet in the magnetizing direction is about 2cm in the viewpoint of lift force per volume characteristics.On the conducting plate :4. The lift force per driving power is approximately proportional only to the surface conductivity of conducting plate, which is defined as the value of the conductivity multiplied by the thickness.On the unit of self-driven magnet wheel :5. The yoke of armature is effective to increase the driving torque and the lift force, although the weight increases.6. The very compact and light magnet wheel could be realized, compared with the method using as ordinary motor for the rotation.7. The power factor at the input for the drive can be almost 1.0 in spite of the induction repulsive levitation.On the maglev vehicle using four units of the self-driven magnet wheels :8. The magnet wheel has the sufficiently large lift force against the own weight, and the half of driving power required for the levitation can be converted into the thrust.9. The component of torque is canceled, and the stable levitation without vibration can be obtained.