DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH OF THE MAGNET WHEEL FOR MAGNETIC LEVITATION VEHICLE

磁轮是具有感应式排斥力和推力的电磁装置。这项研究明确了以下事实。对于磁轮的设计：1.单位磁体体积的升力与磁极磁通分布的基本因素近似成正比。磁体长度与极距长度的最佳比例为2/3~5/6.2。当极距为间隙长度的20倍左右时，极数越多，性能越好。对于外径为20 cm、间隙为5 mm的磁铁轮，四极配置最好。从单位体积提升力的角度来看，永磁体在磁化方向的最佳厚度为2 cm左右。在导电板上：4.每驱动功率的提升力与导电板的表面电导率近似成正比，即导电率乘以厚度。5.在自驱动磁轮单位上：5.电枢的线圈虽然重量增加，但有效地增加了驱动力矩和提升力。与普通电机的旋转方式相比，可以实现结构紧凑、重量轻的磁轮。在使用四个单元的自驱动磁轮的磁悬浮车辆上，尽管存在感应排斥悬浮，但驱动输入的功率因数几乎可以达到1.0。8.磁轮相对于自身重量具有足够大的升力，悬浮所需驱动功率的一半可以转换为推力。消除了力矩分量，实现了无振动的稳定悬浮。

The magnet wheel is the electromagnetic device with the induction type repulsive force and thrust. This research made the following facts become clear.For the design of the magnet wheel :1. The lift force per magnets volume is approximately proportional to the fundamental factor of flux distribution of magnet poles. The optimum ratio of the length of magnet to the length of pole pitch is from 2/3 to 5/6.2. When the pole pitch about 20 times the gap length is given, the larger the number of poles is , the performance is better. For the magnet wheel with a 20cm outside diameter a the gap of 5mm, four-pole configuration is best.3. The optimum thickness of permanent magnet in the magnetizing direction is about 2cm in the viewpoint of lift force per volume characteristics.On the conducting plate :4. The lift force per driving power is approximately proportional only to the surface conductivity of conducting plate, which is defined as the value of the conductivity multiplied by the thickness.On the unit of self-driven magnet wheel :5. The yoke of armature is effective to increase the driving torque and the lift force, although the weight increases.6. The very compact and light magnet wheel could be realized, compared with the method using as ordinary motor for the rotation.7. The power factor at the input for the drive can be almost 1.0 in spite of the induction repulsive levitation.On the maglev vehicle using four units of the self-driven magnet wheels :8. The magnet wheel has the sufficiently large lift force against the own weight, and the half of driving power required for the levitation can be converted into the thrust.9. The component of torque is canceled, and the stable levitation without vibration can be obtained.