High Efficiency Energy System Using New Functional Materials

本研究通过与美国俄亥俄州立大学的合作，研究了利用新型功能材料提高能源生产、能源运输和能源消费等系统的能源效率。研究对象如下：(1)利用新型功能材料分离水溶液中的金属离子和有机化合物；(2)研制拟肌肉型粘弹性致动器；(3)利用新型功能材料提高能量输送系统的效率；(4)设计开发高效制氢系统电极材料；(5)新功能材料相变的电化学评价；(6)利用光学器件评价新功能材料的力学性能。结果表明：(1)新型EHPNA载体聚合物吸附剂对Zn(II)/Cu（II）、Zn(II)/Mn（II）和Sm(III)/Co（II）的分离效果较好。实验还表明，三卤甲烷是一种挥发性有机物，可以从水溶液中去除。(2)建立了一种三维结构静电执行器的新工艺，如铝膜和聚酰胺膜层合，在丝滑块表面打薄孔，形成介电薄膜。(3)对最长配电线路导体的隔离特性进行了实验研究。用积分法对与电力输送效率密切相关的闪络电压进行了估计。提出了一种新的闪络机理模型。(4)阐明了镍钼合金作为正极材料提高水电解效率的机理。(5)采用电化学方法建立了c/c复合材料石墨化和不锈钢敏化的评价方法。(6)结果表明，焦散法是评价新型功能材料力学性能最有效的方法。少

In the present study, the improvement of the energy efficiency of the systems, such as energy production, energy transportation and energy consumption, by utilizing new functional materials was examined under the cooperation with the Ohio State University. The following subjects were studied : (1) Separation of metal ions and organic compounds in aqueous solution by using a new functional material, (2) Development of pseudo-muscular visoco-elastic actuator, (3) Improvement of the efficiency of the energy transportation system using new functional materials, (4) Design and development of the electrode materials for the hydrogen production system with high efficiency, (5) Electrochemical evaluation of the phase transformation of new functional materials and (6) Evaluation of the mechanical properties for new functional materials using an optical device.The results obtained in this study were summarized as follows : (1) A newly developed polymer adsorbent supported by EHPNA was shown to b … More e effective in the separation of Zn(II)/Cu(II),Zn(II)/Mn(II) and Sm(III)/Co(II). It was also shown that trihalomethane, one of the volatile organics, could be removed from and aqueous solution. (2) A new technology was established for making an electro-static actuator with three-dimensional structure, such as laminating of aluminum and polyamide films, making a thin hole and forming a dielectric thin film on the surface of wire slider. (3) The isolation characteristics of the conductor for the longest distribution power line were examined experimentally. The flashover voltage which relates closely to the efficiency of the electric power transportation was shown to be estimated by the integration method. In addition, it was proposed a new model for the mechanism of flashover. (4) It was elucidated the mechanism of the improvement of the efficiency in water electrolysis when the Ni-Mo alloy was used as a cathode electrode material. (5) The evaluation methods for the graphitization of c/c composites and the sensitization of stainless steels were established by employing the electrochemical approach. (6) It was demonstrated that the caustic method was the most useful way to evaluate the mechanical properties of new functional materials. Less