Chemical Studies on movement and sensivility in plants

众所周知，趋光性是由弯曲器官中促进生长的生长素的横向梯度引起的（cholodny - go理论）。与c - w相反。根据理论，布林斯玛和长谷川最近发现，阴暗的那一半并不比明亮的那一半含有更多的生长素。相反，我们发现生长素的均匀分布伴随着生长抑制物质在向光弯曲过程中的横向梯度。我们分离出了一些与趋光性有关的光诱导生长抑制物质。光生玉米（Zea mays L.）芽中的6-甲氧基-2-苯并恶唑啉酮抑制了生长素与ABP1的相互作用，并确定了ABP1的主要结构，导致光照侧生长抑制。我们目前的研究导致了一种新的“向光性”理论。许多植物在晚上合上叶子，在白天开放。这种昼夜节律被认为是由它们的内部时钟控制的。我们能够从五个不同的物种中分离出每对合叶和开叶物质。其中一种被发现是β- d -葡萄糖苷。这些植物的叶片运动是由于它们之间的浓度平衡，这是由β- d -葡萄糖苷酶的激活控制的。在广泛研究的基础上，提出了一种新的叶片运动机理。在含羞草（Mimosa pudica）中，我们可以从同一植物中分离出一种真正的活性兴奋剂（活性：约10-8 ~ 10-9M），它由l -苹果酸钾、转aconitate镁和二甲铵盐三种成分组成，以及与昼夜节律有关的叶片闭合和打开物质对。

Phototropism has been known to be caused by a lateral gradient of growth-promoting auxin in the bending organ (Cholodny-Went theory). In contrast to the C.-W. theory, Brinsma and Hasegawa recently found that the shaded half did not contain more auxin than the illuminated ones. Instead it was found that the even distribution of auxin was accompanied by a lateral gradient of growth inhibitory substances during phototropic curvature. We have isolated some photo-induced growth inhibitory substances related to phototropism. 6-Methoxy-2- benzoxazolinone from light-grown maize (Zea mays L.) shoots was proved to inhibit the interaction between auxin and ABP1, the primary structure of which was determined, resulting in the growth inhibition in the illuminated side. Our present study has led to a new theory of "phototropism".Many plants close their leaves at night and open during daytime. Such a circadian rhythm has been known to be controlled by their internal clock. We were able to isolate each pair of leaf-closing and -opening substances from five different species. Of the pair, one of them was found to be β-D-glucoside. The leaf movement of these plants is due to the balance of concentration between them, which is controlled by the activation of β-D-glucosidase. Based on our extensive study, a new mechanism of leaf movement has been presented.In the case of Mimosa pudica, we could isolate a true active stimulant (activity : ca. 10-8〜10-9M) from the same plant, which consists of three components (potassium L-malate, magnesium transaconitate and dimehylammonium salt) in addition to the pair of leaf-closing and opening substances related to circadian rhythm.