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Chemical Studies on movement and sensivility in plants

植物运动和敏感性的化学研究

基本信息

批准号：
09101001
负责人：
YAMAMURA Shosuke
金额：
$ 121.6万
依托单位：
Keio University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Phototropism has been known to be caused by a lateral gradient of growth-promoting auxin in the bending organ (Cholodny-Went theory). In contrast to the C.-W. theory, Brinsma and Hasegawa recently found that the shaded half did not contain more auxin than the illuminated ones. Instead it was found that the even distribution of auxin was accompanied by a lateral gradient of growth inhibitory substances during phototropic curvature. We have isolated some photo-induced growth inhibitory substances related to phototropism. 6-Methoxy-2- benzoxazolinone from light-grown maize (Zea mays L.) shoots was proved to inhibit the interaction between auxin and ABP1, the primary structure of which was determined, resulting in the growth inhibition in the illuminated side. Our present study has led to a new theory of "phototropism".Many plants close their leaves at night and open during daytime. Such a circadian rhythm has been known to be controlled by their internal clock. We were able to isolate each pair of leaf-closing and -opening substances from five different species. Of the pair, one of them was found to be β-D-glucoside. The leaf movement of these plants is due to the balance of concentration between them, which is controlled by the activation of β-D-glucosidase. Based on our extensive study, a new mechanism of leaf movement has been presented.In the case of Mimosa pudica, we could isolate a true active stimulant (activity : ca. 10-8〜10-9M) from the same plant, which consists of three components (potassium L-malate, magnesium transaconitate and dimehylammonium salt) in addition to the pair of leaf-closing and opening substances related to circadian rhythm.

向光性是由弯曲器官中生长促进生长素的横向梯度引起的（乔罗德尼-温特理论）。与C. W.根据这一理论，Brinsma和Hasegawa最近发现，有阴影的那一半并不比有照明的那一半含有更多的生长素。相反，它被发现，生长素的均匀分布伴随着生长抑制物质的横向梯度在向光性曲率。我们分离了一些与向光性有关的光诱导生长抑制物质。光生玉米（Zea mays L.）结果表明，生长素与ABA 1的相互作用受到抑制，ABA 1的一级结构被确定，导致在光照侧的生长受到抑制。我们目前的研究提出了一个新的“向光性”理论。许多植物的叶子在夜间关闭，而在白天开放。这种昼夜节律是由他们的内部时钟控制的。我们能够从五个不同的物种中分离出每对闭叶和开叶物质。其中一个是β-D-葡萄糖苷。这些植物的叶片运动是由于它们之间的浓度平衡，这是由β-D-葡萄糖苷酶的激活控制的。在我们广泛研究的基础上，提出了一种新的叶片运动机制，在含羞草的情况下，我们可以分离出一种真正的活性刺激物（活性：ca. 10-8 × 10- 9 M），除与昼夜节律有关的一对闭叶和开叶物质外，还含有三种成分（L-苹果酸钾、反乌头酸镁和二甲铵盐）。