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Ocypodid behavior and ecology in Panama

巴拿马的巨足动物行为和生态

基本信息

批准号：
10041175
负责人：
MURAI Minoru
金额：
$ 9.54万
依托单位：
University of the Ryukyus
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Most fiddler crab species distribute in the tropics and have highly developed social behaviors in the new world. To make clear a relation between their social behavior and the survivorship or reproductive success, and the biological meaning of their color pattern, morphology and social signals, we studied their courtship, feeding and predation by grackles in a tidal flat of Rodman and in shore of Naos Island in Panama. 1) We measured the time length of sound production by male Uca musica which sound to court females from their burrow. We suggested that the degree of ovary maturation of mating females varies the length of sound production. 2) Waving by male Uca beebei is also a type of courtship behavior. We measured a level of lactate in hemolymph to show an energy cost spend by waving. Waving increased the blood lactate. Glucose in hemolymph was at high level before their activity started, and the higher level continued in males with a higher rate of waving, but the level decreased in males with a lower rate of waving. 3) Male Uca beebei have higher rate of predation by grackles in the female. We studied it in a relation with the sexual selection. 4) Uca panamensis live in boulder shore. We showed that they almost feed on rocks in the shore and that thick hairs on their small chela are useful to pick up food on the rock. 5) Two genera are known in the family Ocypodidae in the new world, but more than 13 genera in the Indo-West Pacific. Species of the two genera in Rodman were found in all type of habitats occupied by species of Ocypodidae in the Indo-West Pacific.

招潮蟹大多数分布在热带地区，在新世界具有高度发达的社会行为。为了弄清它们的社会行为与生存或繁殖成功的关系，以及它们的颜色图案、形态和社会信号的生物学意义，我们在巴拿马罗德曼滩地和纳奥斯岛海岸研究了它们的求偶、取食和捕食。我们认为，交配雌性的卵巢成熟程度随发出声音的长度而变化。2)雄性Uca bebei的挥手也是一种求偶行为。我们测量了血淋巴中的乳酸水平，以显示挥舞所消耗的能量。挥手增加了血乳酸。血淋巴中的葡萄糖在活动开始前处于高水平，并且在摆动率较高的雄性中保持较高水平，但在摆动率较低的雄性中水平下降。3)雄性乌卡贝贝被石斑鱼捕食的几率高于雌性乌卡贝贝。我们研究了它与性选择的关系。4)巴拿马梭鲈生活在巨石岸边。我们展示了它们几乎以岸边的岩石为食，它们小螯上的厚毛有助于在岩石上捡到食物。(5)在新大陆，有2个属为蛇足科所知，但在印度-西太平洋则有13个属以上。在印度-西太平洋所有类型的蛇足科物种所占据的生境中都发现了罗德曼的两属物种。