Studies on Sustainable Management of Local Resouces

在西爪哇，万隆和马加拉亚及其周边地区有大规模的纺织工厂。这造成了许多影响生态系统和社会经济环境的问题。本研究的目的是分析和评价一个利用生态系统的农林牧复合系统，分析社区的结构理论和资源利用与管理技术，提出在工农业并存的社区中的城市化问题。结果如下。在万隆平原地区，水稻高产高效品种具有一定的增产效果，但在高海拔雨林地区，水稻高产高效品种的效益较小，栽培难度较大。因此，热带蔬菜要么是F1杂交种，要么是过量使用化肥和农药引进的开放品种。在Citrum水系统中，河流和农业用水中的重金属和硝酸盐浓度的水质恶化似乎不仅是工厂废水，而且也是生活污水，因此，必须采取措施净化和保证饮用水。本文尝试用硫同位素评价水资源和水质量。因此，地下水主要由低海拔水源补给，其中一些水源近年来正在恶化。自1998年以来，由于政治和经济危机，人口从城镇和村庄向林地迁移的情况日益增多，据观察，用于保护水资源的林地被砍伐用于种植作物，土壤侵蚀等环境恶化已经实现。自来水系统使用的泉水在山上建造使用氯乙烯管。提出了利用牛粪建立沼气工程的设想，认为牛粪是造成环境压力的主要原因.

In West Java, large scale textile faxtories exist in and around Bandung and Majalaya. This is causing a lot of problems affecting ecosystems and social and economic environments. Purpose of the study are to analyze and evaluate a compound system of agriculture, forestry and livestock rising that usestraditional ecosystem, to analyze the structural theories of communities and techniques of using and managing resources, and to present the problems of urbanization in the communities where agriculture and industry coexist. Results are as follows. HYVs of rice have increased yield at Bandung plain area, however, at high altitude rainforest region, the benefit of HYVs is much small and cultivation is more difficult. So that, tropical vegetables were either F1 hybrid or open varieties introduced with use of excess amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. In Citrum watersystem, deterioration of water quality in river and agriculture water in terms of heavy metals and nitrate concentration appears to be not only to factory effluents and also to domestic waste water, therefore, it is essential to take measures to purify and assure the drinking water. An attempt to assess the water resources and quality was done, basedon Sulfur isotopes. As a result, groundwater is recharged mainly with the water of low altitude origin, some of which is being deteriorated in recent years. Since 1998, population migration from town and village to forest land made increasingly progress acoording to political and economic crisis, and forest lands to conserve water resources were observed to be cut for crop farming, and environmental deterioration such as soil erosion was actualized. Tap water system used a spring in the mountain was constructed with using a vinyle chloride pipe. Establishment of Biogas unit using cow dung, which comes to cause of environmental stress, was proposed.