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Formations and Relations of Ethnic Groups in Madagascar

马达加斯加族群的构成和关系

基本信息

批准号：
10041013
负责人：
UCHIBORI Motomitsu
金额：
$ 4.54万
依托单位：
Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (1999)Hitotsubashi University (1998)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10041013/
关键词：
Madagascar Ethnic group Differentiation Betsileo Tsimihety Shihanaka Zafimaniry Land Owership 生態学民族間関係

项目摘要

In this research project, the efforts were made to collect concrete data of the narratives concerning ethnic formations and of modes of daily interactions between adjacent ethnic groups, based upon field-work among three ethnic groups of Madagascar, that is, the Betsileo in southern Central Plateasu, the Tsimihety in Northwestern Madagascar an the Silhanaka in Alaotra region northeast to the capitol of Antananarivo. Official and semi-official accounts on ethnic groups in Madagascar enumerate 18 to 20 named ethnic groups within this large island. Our research intends to ellucidate the socio-historical processes of formation of such named groups. One of the significant findings of our research concerns the cultural differentiation of the Zafimaniry, who have been regarded as a regional sub-group of the Betsileo, from the main body of the latter. The name of Zafimaniry has been increasingly mobilised in order to promote commercial tourism in southern Central Plateau. This, in turn, has aroused a certain degree of separate ethnic consciousness among the Zafimaniry themselves. Ecological differences between habitats of the Betsileo and of the Zafimanry and the consequent cultural characteristics specific to the latter enhances the process of differentiation. Another outcome of our research centered around the historical processes of land ownership among the Tsimihety, the Sihanaka and the Merina, which ellucidated the intensification of ethnic consciousness through social interactions between members of different adjacent ethnic groups.

本研究项目基于马达加斯加中部普拉塔苏南部的贝齐莱奥族、马达加斯加西北部的齐米赫蒂族和塔那那利佛首都东北部阿拉奥特拉地区的西尔哈纳卡族三个民族的实地调查，努力收集有关民族形成的叙述和相邻民族之间日常互动模式的具体数据。关于马达加斯加族群的官方和半官方记录列举了这个大岛上有 18 至 20 个指定的族群。我们的研究旨在阐明此类群体形成的社会历史过程。我们研究的重要发现之一涉及扎菲马尼里人的文化差异，扎菲马尼里人被视为贝齐莱奥人的一个地区性亚群，与后者的主体存在差异。为了促进中南部高原的商业旅游业，扎菲马尼里的名字越来越多地被动员起来。这反过来又在扎菲马尼里内部激起了一定程度的独立种族意识。贝齐莱奥人和扎菲曼里人栖息地之间的生态差异以及随之而来的后者特有的文化特征增强了分化过程。我们研究的另一个成果集中在齐米赫蒂人、西哈纳卡人和梅里纳人之间土地所有权的历史过程，它阐明了通过不同相邻民族群体成员之间的社会互动而增强的民族意识。