Sakurai: A Quantum Error Mitigation Platform-as-a-Service for Privacy-Preserving Genomics Data Analysis

量子计算利用量子力学特性的力量，如叠加和纠缠，来解决经典计算无法解决的问题。正如著名的摩尔定律（Moore’s Law）所指出的那样，我们的经典计算机能变得多强大是有限制的，摩尔定律假定计算能力大约每两年翻一番，由于晶体管芯片进一步小型化所涉及的物理限制，这已经接近极限。此外，并行化提供的计算加速受到著名的阿姆达尔定律的限制。该项目旨在为基因组学数据集建立一个隐私保护平台，利用量子计算的奇异特性，如叠加和纠缠，使加密数据集的数据分析比目前的经典计算更快。我们对该平台的愿景是成为一个无处不在的量子编排环境，用于开发和部署敏感数据（如基因组数据集）的隐私保护量子算法。该项目还将侧重于建立一个早期商业试点；个体组织、区域医疗保健数据共享生态系统和全球医疗保健经济。根据英国国民保健服务体系的“五年展望”和国家信息委员会的“个性化保健和护理2020”，优先事项是；数据采集、挖掘、分析和共享被正确地视为改变患者和公民健康结果的关键。此外，根据联合利华研究公司最近的一份报告，健康数据的潜在价值是巨大的，估计一个人的健康信息比他们的财务数据更有价值50倍。因此，网络犯罪分子非常重视健康数据，因为这使他们能够根据个人历史创建非常令人信服的虚假身份。同样，公众对其个人健康信息被企业滥用也极为敏感，他们认为这可能使他们受到歧视。由于所有这些见解，该项目代表了解决这一全球挑战的尝试，这将为英国创造绝佳的出口机会。IBM安全公司最近委托撰写的一份报告，研究了13个国家或地区的419个样本组织的数据泄露年度成本。报告发现，根据每条丢失或被盗记录的平均成本106英镑计算，每家机构的平均总成本达到了惊人的270万英镑。使用我们的同态加密解决方案严格保护其记录的组织可以消除这些成本以及相关的法律、监管和声誉风险。

Quantum computing harnesses the power of quantum mechanical properties such as superposition and entanglement, to solve problems that are beyond the reach of classical computing. There is a limit to how much more powerful our classical computers can become as suggested by that the famous Moore's Law, which posits that computing power doubles roughly every two years, and due to physical constraints involved in the further miniaturisation of transistor chips this is nearing its limit. Moreover, the speedup in computing offered by parallelization is limited by the famous Amdahl's law.This project aims to build a privacy-preserving platform for genomics datasets that harnesses the exotic properties of quantum computing such as superposition and entanglement to enable data analysis of encrypted datasets faster than what is currently possible with classical computing. Our vision for the platform is to become a ubiquitous quantum orchestration environment for developing and deploying privacy-preserving quantum algorithms for sensitive data e.g. genomics datasets. This project will also focus on establishing an early commercial pilot with; individual organisations, regional healthcare data sharing ecosystems and global healthcare economies.As per the NHS England "Five Year Forward View" and the National Information Board's "Personalised Health and Care 2020", the priorities of; data capture, mining, analysis and sharing are rightly seen as essential keys to transforming health outcomes for patients and citizens. Plus, with the potential value of health data being huge according to a recent Unilever Research report that estimates that a person's health information is 50x more valuable than their financial data. As such, cyber criminals prize health data very highly as it allows them to create very convincing false identities based on personal histories. Likewise, the public is also acutely sensitive to their personal health information being misused by businesses, which they believe could expose them to discriminatory practices.As a result of all these insights, this project represents attempts to address this global challenge which will create fantastic export opportunities for the UK. A recent report, commissioned by IBM Security, looked at the annual cost of data breaches at 419 sample organisations in 13 nations or regions. The report found that the average total cost per organisation was a staggering £2.7 million, based on an average £106 per lost or stolen record. An organisation that rigorously protects its records with our Homomorphic Encryption solution could remove these costs and associated legal, regulatory and reputational risks.