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大型類人猿の向社会的行動におよぼす性・神経ホルモンの影響に関する比較認知科学研究

性别和神经激素对类人猿亲社会行为影响的比较认知科学研究

基本信息

批准号：
13J00666
负责人：
キムイェナ
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2013-04-01 至 2015-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13J00666/
关键词：
Chimpanzees Choice paradigm Orangutans Prosociality Reciprocity Inequity aversion Sociality Recirocity Unfairness

项目摘要

We tested orangutan prosociality and reciprocity in the first year. The plan for the second year was to compare orangutans to chimpanzees on their prosocial tendency and to examine the hormonal influence on it. We did analyse baseline estrogen, progesterone, and oxytocin levels from chimpanzees and orangutans to further examine the effect of hormones on prosocial propensity. However, due to some practical reasons of the experimental setting, we could not conduct the intranasal oxytocin administration to the chimpanzees, and therefore we only conducted behavioral experiments on prosociality and reciprocity in captive chimpanzees.The current study was designed to test whether chimpanzees’ prosocial choices are influenced by differential reward distributions (equal/advantageous/disadvantageous) and also by unfair behaviors (prosocial/selfish) of human partners. Unlike other inequity tasks, we used a prosocial choice experiment to give the chimpanzees an active role to be prosocial or selfish toward their partner. Our results show that the chimpanzees show aversive reactions when they themselves had a less preferred reward than their partners by rejecting to do the task. However, this behavioral tendency did not lead chimpanzee’s to make selfish choices.Taken together with the results of 1st year, our results suggest that there is no difference between chimpanzees and orangutans in a way of voluntarily sharing benefits with others in a choice paradigm experiment and that aversion to inequity, necessary for regulating reciprocity, may take different forms in both species.

我们在第一年测试了猩猩的亲社会性和互惠性。第二年的计划是比较猩猩和黑猩猩的亲社会倾向，并检查激素对其的影响。我们确实分析了黑猩猩和猩猩的基线雌激素、孕激素和催产素水平，以进一步检查激素对亲社会倾向的影响。然而，由于实验设置的一些实际原因，我们不能对黑猩猩进行鼻内催产素给药，因此，我们只对圈养黑猩猩进行了亲社会性和互惠性的行为实验。本研究旨在测试黑猩猩的亲社会选择是否受到不同奖励分配的影响（平等/有利/不利）以及人类伙伴的不公平行为（亲社会/自私）。与其他不平等任务不同，我们使用了亲社会选择实验，让黑猩猩积极扮演亲社会或自私的角色。我们的研究结果表明，当黑猩猩拒绝完成任务时，他们自己比他们的伴侣更不喜欢奖励时，他们会表现出厌恶的反应。然而，这种行为倾向并没有导致黑猩猩做出自私的选择。综合第一年的结果，我们的结果表明，在选择范式实验中，黑猩猩和猩猩在自愿与他人分享利益的方式上没有差异，而对不公平的厌恶（调节互惠性所必需的）在两个物种中可能采取不同的形式。