Silicon process enhancement to enable 3D chest-imaging at the Point-of-Care

**关键目标：**开发一种低剂量、低成本的系统，可供NHS使用，在整个医院的护理点提供3D胸部成像(具有部署到初级保健的能力)。**愿景：**2D成像是NHS诊断的主力。根据英国国民健康保险制度的统计数据，“在截至2018年3月的一年里，英国共进行了4270万次成像检查。”……“其中最常见的是胸部X光检查，在2017/18年度，通过所有来源设置请求的测试有830万次(比2016/17年度增加1.0%)。__这也是全科医生要求的最常见的测试(220万次)。“_(NHS诊断成像数据集2017/18年度统计发布)在临床实践中，由于3D成像产生的诊断确定性更高，3D成像比2D增长更快。然而，目前患者必须前往3D成像，这会带来成本和(在某些情况下)风险。**焦点：**这项创新的焦点将是用3D X射线取代2D X射线。这一特定的焦点将寻求取代2D胸部X光(CXR)，后者一项就占英国X光检查的36%和诊断成像的19%。2D成像已经传播到ICU、肺部病房和急诊室(A&E)。胸部X射线(CXR)是重症监护病房(ICU)使用的主要成像方式，因为它可携带、快速图像获取和床边即时返回预览屏幕上的信息。我们的目标是提供一种替代的3D胸部成像方式，在护理点，具有更高的灵敏度，与2D X光的剂量大致相同，并且价格相似。**创新：**关键的临床创新是“床边3D”。技术创新包括新的硬件、软件和重建方法的要素以及针对具体用例的各种技术方法。该项目专注于提高核心技术提供床边3D胸部成像的能力。**合作：**爱丁堡大学(苏格兰微电子中心[SMC])将专注于增强硅制造工艺，以增加产量，减少产量变化，并提高产量。

**Key Objective:** To develop a low-dose, low-cost system that can be used by the NHS to provide 3D chest imaging at the point-of-care throughout the hospital (with the capability to deploy into Primary Care).**Vision:** 2D imaging is the workhorse of the NHS diagnostics. According to NHS statistics, "_42.7 million imaging tests were reported in England in the year to March 2018." ..._"_The most common of these tests was Chest X-ray, with 8.3 million tests being requested through all source settings in 2017/18 (up 1.0% from 2016/17)._ _This was also the most common test requested by GPs (2.2 million)."_ (NHS Diagnostic Imaging Dataset Annual Statistical Release 2017/18)In the NHS 3D imaging is growing faster in clinical practice than 2D due to the greater diagnostic certainty that results from 3D imaging. However, currently the patient must travel to 3D imaging which creates cost and (in some cases) risk.**Focus:** The focus of this innovation would be to replace 2D X-ray with 3D X-ray. The specific focus would look to replace 2D Chest X-ray ('CXR') which alone represents 36% of UK X-rays and 19% of UK diagnostic imaging. 2D imaging already travels to the patient in the ICU, pulmonary ward and Accident & Emergency ('A&E').Chest X-rays ('CXR') are the primary imaging modality used in the intensive care unit (ICU), given its portability, rapid image acquisition, and immediate bedside return of information on the preview screen. We aim to provide an alternative 3D chest imaging modality, at the point-of-care, with enhanced sensitivity, with roughly equivalent dose as 2D X-ray, and at a similar price.**Innovation:** The key clinical innovation is "_3D-at-the-bedside_". The technological innovation encompasses novel hardware, elements of the software and reconstruction approach and various technological approaches for specific use cases. This project is focused on increasing the capability of the core technology to deliver bedside 3D chest imaging.**Collaboration:** The University of Edinburgh (the Scottish Microelectronics Centre \['SMC'\]) will focus on enhanced silicon manufacturing processes to increase the output, decrease variation in output, and increase yield.