Silicon process enhancement to enable 3D chest-imaging at the Point-of-Care

** 主要目标：** 开发一种低剂量、低成本的系统，可供NHS在整个医院的护理点提供3D胸部成像（能够部署到初级保健）。视觉：** 2D成像是NHS诊断的主力。根据NHS的统计数据，“在截至2018年3月的一年中，英格兰报告了4270万次成像测试。" ..._“_这些测试中最常见的是胸部X光，2017/18年度通过所有源设置请求进行830万次测试（比2016/17年度增加1.0%）。这也是全科医生（220万）要求的最常见的测试。“_（NHS诊断成像数据集年度统计发布2017/18）在NHS中，由于3D成像的诊断确定性更高，因此3D成像在临床实践中的增长速度比2D更快。然而，目前患者必须前往3D成像，这会产生成本和（在某些情况下）风险。焦点：** 这项创新的焦点是用3D X射线取代2D X射线。具体重点将取代2D胸部X射线（“CXR”），仅占英国X射线的36%和英国诊断成像的19%。2D成像已经在ICU、肺部病房和急症室（“A & E”）中到达患者。胸部X射线（“CXR”）是重症监护室（ICU）中使用的主要成像模式，因为其便携性、快速图像采集和在预览屏幕上立即返回床边信息。我们的目标是提供一种替代的3D胸部成像模式，在床旁，具有增强的灵敏度，与2D X射线大致相同的剂量，并且价格相似。创新：** 关键的临床创新是“_床边3D_"。技术创新包括新颖的硬件，软件和重建方法的元素以及针对特定用例的各种技术方法。该项目的重点是提高核心技术提供床边3D胸部成像的能力。**合作：** 爱丁堡大学（苏格兰微电子中心）将专注于增强硅制造工艺，以增加产量，减少产量变化，提高产量。

**Key Objective:** To develop a low-dose, low-cost system that can be used by the NHS to provide 3D chest imaging at the point-of-care throughout the hospital (with the capability to deploy into Primary Care).**Vision:** 2D imaging is the workhorse of the NHS diagnostics. According to NHS statistics, "_42.7 million imaging tests were reported in England in the year to March 2018." ..._"_The most common of these tests was Chest X-ray, with 8.3 million tests being requested through all source settings in 2017/18 (up 1.0% from 2016/17)._ _This was also the most common test requested by GPs (2.2 million)."_ (NHS Diagnostic Imaging Dataset Annual Statistical Release 2017/18)In the NHS 3D imaging is growing faster in clinical practice than 2D due to the greater diagnostic certainty that results from 3D imaging. However, currently the patient must travel to 3D imaging which creates cost and (in some cases) risk.**Focus:** The focus of this innovation would be to replace 2D X-ray with 3D X-ray. The specific focus would look to replace 2D Chest X-ray ('CXR') which alone represents 36% of UK X-rays and 19% of UK diagnostic imaging. 2D imaging already travels to the patient in the ICU, pulmonary ward and Accident & Emergency ('A&E').Chest X-rays ('CXR') are the primary imaging modality used in the intensive care unit (ICU), given its portability, rapid image acquisition, and immediate bedside return of information on the preview screen. We aim to provide an alternative 3D chest imaging modality, at the point-of-care, with enhanced sensitivity, with roughly equivalent dose as 2D X-ray, and at a similar price.**Innovation:** The key clinical innovation is "_3D-at-the-bedside_". The technological innovation encompasses novel hardware, elements of the software and reconstruction approach and various technological approaches for specific use cases. This project is focused on increasing the capability of the core technology to deliver bedside 3D chest imaging.**Collaboration:** The University of Edinburgh (the Scottish Microelectronics Centre \['SMC'\]) will focus on enhanced silicon manufacturing processes to increase the output, decrease variation in output, and increase yield.