Efficient Bioremediation of Environmentally Persistent Contaminants with Nanomaterial-Fungus Framework (NFF)

项目摘要 顽固和有害的化学品，如全氟辛烷磺酸(全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质)， 严重危害环境、野生动物和人类健康。在不同的 战略，生物修复被确立为有效和可靠的修复解决方案 像全氟辛烷磺酸这样的持久性环境污染物。真菌，如担子菌(即白腐病 真菌)因其较强的胞外生物催化能力而被用于PFAS的生物修复 很好的承诺。然而，有几个因素限制了商业应用：1)对营养的需求 添加作为微生物的碳源；2)需要以颗粒形式固定化真菌生物量 防止真菌扩散到反应器壁上；3)细菌竞争；4)效率低，原因是 真菌菌丝体的化学有效性低，真菌生长缓慢。建议数 研究将解决修复持久性和有毒环境的紧迫挑战 使用独特设计的纳米材料-真菌框架(NFF)的污染物。NFF是 一种新的纳米材料创造了一种仿生支架的系统，真菌可以在其中生长，并且 脚手架富含真菌可以降解的微量污染物。我们的目标是揭开 NFF系统的基本生物降解机制，这将为未来提供指导 修改完善制度。设计的NFF系统将提供一种新的战略， 适用于广泛的环境污染物生物修复实践。

Project Summary The recalcitrant and harmful chemicals such as PFASs (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), endangers the environmental, wild-life, and human health profoundly. Among different strategies, bioremediation was established as an effective and reliable solution for remediating persistent environmental contaminants like PFASs. Fungi, such as basidiomycetes (i.e. white rot fungi) are used in bioremediation of PFAS for their strong extracellular biocatalytic capacity with great promise. However, several factors limit commercial applications: 1) need for nutrient addition as the carbon source for the microbe; 2) need to immobilize fungus biomass as pellets to prevent fungus dispersion onto reactor wall; 3) bacterial competition; 4) low efficiency due to the low chemical availability to the fungal mycelium and slow fungus growth. The proposed research will address the imminent challenges of remediating persistent and toxic environmental contaminants using the uniquely designed Nanomaterial-Fungus Framework (NFF). The NFF is a system that novel nano-materials create a biomimic scaffold where fungus can grow, and the scaffold enriches trace level contaminants that fungus can degrade. We aim to unveil the fundamental biodegradation mechanisms of the NFF system, which provides future guidance to modify and improve the system. The engineered NFF system will offer a novel strategy that applies toward a broad range of environmental pollutant bioremediation practices.