Culture, Longitudinal Patterns, and Safety Promotion of Handgun Carrying Among Rural Adolescents: Implications for Injury Prevention

农村青少年携带手枪的文化、纵向模式和安全促进：对伤害预防的影响

• 批准号: 10162049
• 负责人: Ali Rowhani-Rahbar
• 金额: $ 46.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-30 至 2023-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10162049
• 关键词: Culture; Longitudinal; Patterns; Safety; Promotion

Project Abstract Firearm-related injury remains a leading cause of death among adolescents and young adults in the United States. Firearm-related injury mortality rates are remarkably similar in rural communities and urban settings. Handgun carrying is widely recognized as a key risk factor for firearm-related injury, violence, and crime among adolescents in urban settings. It is not clear if these findings generalize to rural communities. A sizable number of firearm-related homicides, suicides, and nonfatal crimes among adolescents in rural communities involve handguns; however, our knowledge of the culture, scope, and developmental patterns of handgun carrying in this population is strikingly limited. Identifying the antecedents and consequences of handgun carrying and developing culturally-appropriate and community-specific interventions that promote prosocial behavior while respecting the distinct rural firearm culture may translate to a lower burden of firearm-related injury among adolescents in rural communities. We propose a project in response to “Research Grants to Prevent Firearm-Related Violence and Injuries (R01)” to improve our understanding of handgun carrying among adolescents in rural communities and provide a strong foundation for effective interventions that prevent firearm-related injury and promote safety in this population. In this project, we will address both Research Objective One and Research Objective Two using Funding Option B indicated on the Notice of Funding Opportunity. We will collect new data on handgun carrying by conducting focus groups among adolescents aged 14-17 currently living in rural communities in Washington State and use existing data on handgun carrying among a gender-balanced and diverse panel of 4,407 youth aged 12 years in 2005 living in 24 communities that participated in a 7-state randomized community trial of the Communities That Care prevention system driven by the Social Development Model. The panel has been followed across 10 waves of data collection through age 26 in 2019. We will also collect new data related to handguns in the next wave of this longitudinal study in 2021 when the sample is, on average, 28 years old. In this project, we will improve our understanding of the cultural and environmental context within which handgun carrying occurs (Aim 1), identify developmental patterns of this behavior among youth in rural communities during adolescence and as they transition to adulthood (Aim 2), examine the salient antecedents and consequences of this behavior (Aim 3), and test the effect of a prevention system on its patterns (Aim 4). Qualitative methods (e.g., thematic coding and qualitative comparative analysis) and quantitative methods (e.g., latent growth mixture modeling and multi- level mixed effects modeling) will be used to address these aims. Rural communities have high levels of firearm access and mortality, yet they are understudied and underserved. This project will inform the development, adoption, and refinement of non-punitive prevention approaches to address factors that influence handgun carrying and reduce the burden of firearm-related injury among youth in rural communities.

项目摘要 枪支相关伤害仍然是美国青少年和年轻人死亡的主要原因 States.与火器有关的伤害死亡率在农村社区和城市环境中非常相似。 携带手枪被广泛认为是与枪支有关的伤害，暴力和犯罪的关键风险因素 城市环境中的青少年。尚不清楚这些调查结果是否适用于农村社区。相当大 农村社区青少年中与枪支有关的杀人、自杀和非致命性犯罪的数量 涉及手枪;然而，我们对手枪的文化，范围和发展模式的了解 携带的数量非常有限识别手枪的前因和后果 实施和发展适合文化和针对社区的干预措施， 行为，同时尊重不同的农村枪支文化可能会转化为较低的负担，枪支有关的 农村社区青少年的伤害。我们提出一个项目，以回应“研究赠款， 防止与枪械有关的暴力及伤害（R 01）”，以提高我们对携带手枪的认识 在农村社区的青少年中，并为有效的干预措施提供坚实的基础， 防止与火器有关的伤害，并促进这一群体的安全。在本项目中，我们将同时解决 研究目标一和研究目标二使用通知上注明的资助方案B 的融资机会。我们将通过在以下人群中进行焦点小组调查，收集有关携带手枪的新数据： 目前居住在华盛顿州农村社区的14-17岁青少年，并使用现有数据， 2005年，在一个由4 407名12岁青年组成的性别均衡和多样化的小组中， 24个社区参加了7个州的社区随机试验， 社会发展模式驱动的预防体系。该小组已被跟踪了10波 数据收集到2019年的26岁。我们还将在下一波调查中收集与手枪有关的新数据。 这项纵向研究将在2021年进行，届时样本的平均年龄为28岁。在这个项目中，我们将提高我们的 了解携带手枪发生的文化和环境背景（目标1）， 农村社区青少年在青春期和 向成年过渡（目标2），检查这种行为的显著前因和后果（目标3）， 并测试预防系统对其模式的影响（目标4）。定性方法（例如，主题编码 和定性比较分析）和定量方法（例如，潜在增长混合建模和多 水平混合效应模型）将用于实现这些目标。农村社区有很高的 枪支获取和死亡率，但他们研究不足，服务不足。该项目将告知 制定、采用和完善非惩罚性预防方法，以解决影响 在农村社区，这一做法有助于减少携带手枪的人数，并减轻青年人因火器受伤的负担。