Defining the impact of dolutegravir on the maternal metabolic environment and its implications on risk of congenital anomalies.

定义多替拉韦对母体代谢环境的影响及其对先天性异常风险的影响。

• 批准号: 10161312
• 负责人: Lena Serghides
• 金额: $ 27.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY HEALTH NETWORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-20 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10161312
• 关键词: Age; Animals; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Botswana; Carbon; Clinical; Complement; Conceptions; Congenital Abnormality; Contracts; Data; Defect; Dose; Embryo; Environment; Exposure to; Fetus; First Pregnancy Trimester; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; General Population; Gestational Diabetes; Glucose; HIV; HIV Seronegativity; Human; In Vitro; Incidence; Intervention; Investigation; Length; Light; Link; Mediating; Metabolic; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Modeling; Mothers; Mus; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Neural Tube Defects; Oxidative Stress; Pathway interactions; Persons; Plasma; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Prevention; Regimen; Reporting; Resistance; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Safety; Sampling; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Toxic effect; Uncertainty; United States National Institutes of Health; Weight Gain; Woman; World Health Organization; animal data; antiretroviral therapy; base; biomarker selection; blood glucose regulation; clinically relevant; clinically significant; congenital anomaly; efavirenz; embryo culture; experimental study; fetal; folic acid metabolism; in vivo; metabolic profile; metabolomics; mouse model; neural model; pregnant; prepregnancy obesity; prospective; protective effect; reproductive; screening; surveillance data

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Dolutegravir (DTG)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) is recommended by the World Health Organization for all people living with HIV, including pregnant women. Surveillance data from Botswana reported a 3-fold increased incidence of neural tube defects (NTDs) in women taking DTG from conception. Other studies have not detected this association although none were sufficiently powered. Concern over the clinical significance of the association between DTG and NTDs has created uncertainty in the treatment of women with HIV globally. Data from animal DTG fetotoxicity studies in our lab support the Botswana findings and suggest that DTG at a dose yielding clinically relevant plasma levels (1x-DTG) is associated with a modest but significantly increased risk of a variety of congenital defects including NTDs. Unexpectedly, we observe fewer fetal anomalies (similar to control) in mice treated with a 5x-DTG dose. Maternal folate deficiency, pre-gestational diabetes, and pre- pregnancy obesity are established NTD risk factors. Excessive weight gain is reported in persons initiating or switching to DTG. Excess weight gain and the underlying metabolic alterations could be a mechanism by which DTG increases NTD rates. We will use well-controlled animal studies and clinical samples from Botswana to perform an unbiased omics approach to identify potential pathways through which DTG may induce fetal defects. In addition, we will take a targeted approach, involving murine in vivo and embryo culture models, to investigate the impact of DTG on folate, glucose, and oxidative stress as potential pathways leading to DTG- associated fetal defects. In Aim 1 we will identify and validate maternal and fetal metabolic factors modified by DTG exposure that increase or reduce the risk for NTDs and other fetal anomalies by: (1) performing a metabolomics screen of pregnant mice and their fetuses treated with DTG-based ART (1x-DTG and 5x-DTG) or control for indicators of fetal anomaly risk or protection; (2) screening for metabolic differences in pregnant women with HIV on DTG-based ART from conception, compared with those on efavirenz-based ART from conception, and with HIV-negative pregnant women; (3) validating candidate metabolites using murine in vivo and embryo culture systems. In Aim 2 we will perform experimental studies to determine the mechanism(s) by which DTG increased the risk of fetal anomalies. We will examine the impact of DTG on: (1) folate metabolism; (2) glucose homeostasis; (3) oxidative stress and mitochondrial function, using murine in vivo and embryo culture systems. We will leverage resources of an existing prospective pregnancy study in Botswana (NIH/NICHD K23 HD088230-01A1 – PI: Dr. Zash), and take advantage of Dr. Serghides' robust mouse pregnancy model of ART safety, Drs. Copp and Greene's renowned expertise in models of NTDs, and the omics expertise of Metabolon, Dr. Jao, and Dr. Coburn to successfully complete this project. Our study will be the first to examine associations between DTG and metabolic alterations as a mechanism underlying DTG- associated congenital defects.

项目总结/文摘: