Daily Associations between Psychological Well-Being and Relationship Functioning among African Americans

项目摘要/摘要 非洲裔美国人在心理健康和亲密关系调整方面持续存在差异 相对于其他种族和民族群体。有充分证据证明个人之间的联系 美国普通人群的心理幸福感(PWB)和关系功能(RF)，但很少有 了解这些结构在非裔美国人中具体是如何联系的，或者社会文化是如何 压力(例如，歧视、不利的居住质量)可能会影响这些联系。一项由世界银行领导的研究 应聘者证明抑郁症状和关系满意度在一年内是相关的。 这些协会的性质因歧视和歧视而有所不同 按性别排列。从长时间尺度(例如，几个月到几年)发现的PWB和RF之间的联系可能反映了 积累日常发生的经验，但以前的工作没有审查过(A) 在非裔美国人的日常水平上测量的PWB和RF之间的联系，或者(B)这些 日常联系与较长期的心理困扰有关。当前研究的目的是(1)模拟 非裔美国人中PWB和RF之间的跨日联系，并评估PWB的方向性- RF关系，(2)考察PWB-RF关系受社会文化压力的调节程度，以及 性别，以及(3)使用在日常水平上发现的PWB-RF之间的联系来预测长期心理 苦恼。这项拟议的研究将使用收集的数据作为国家日常经验研究(NSDE)的一部分 美国中年研究的子研究，F31共同赞助的David Almeida博士是该研究的项目 领队。NSDE包括对积极和消极关系事件以及积极和消极关系事件的每日评估 在8天的时间里产生负面影响。使用119名已婚或同居的非裔美国人的子样本，数据 将在多层建模框架中进行分析，以测试前一天RF对后天PWB的影响 以及前一天PWB对后天RF的影响(目标1)。社会文化压力(歧视、 不良居住质量)和性别将作为PWB-RF交叉日关系(AIM)的调节变量进行检查 2)。日常关系反应性和日常幸福感反应性也将被测试为心理预测因子 十年后的困境(目标3)。该项目直接与NIMHD的使命相一致，将有助于 阐明可能导致非洲人心理和关系健康差异的日常过程 旨在改善长期心理健康和关系的美国人和信息干预 在这一人群中的结果。申请者将接受宾夕法尼亚大学顶尖专家的多学科培训。 国立大学在个体心理健康和人际关系调整的交汇点上，每天 压力过程、少数民族健康差异和密集的纵向数据分析，以及 手稿和赠款准备，为她的职业生涯做准备，专注于 非裔美国家庭的福祉。

Project Summary/Abstract African Americans experience persistent disparities in mental health and intimate relationship adjustment relative to other racial and ethnic groups. There are well-documented associations between individual psychological well-being (PWB) and relationship functioning (RF) in the general U.S. population, but little is known about how these constructs are related among African Americans specifically or how sociocultural stress (e.g., discrimination, adverse residential quality) may impact these associations. A study led by the applicant demonstrated that depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction are associated over a 1-year span among African American couples and that the nature of these associations differs by discrimination and by gender. The links between PWB and RF found over long time scales (e.g., months to years) likely reflect the accumulation of experiences that occur on a day-to-day basis, but no prior work has examined (a) the associations between PWB and RF measured at the daily level among African Americans or (b) how these daily linkages relate to longer-term psychological distress. The aims of the current study are to (1) model the cross-day linkages between PWB and RF among African Americans and assess the directionality of the PWB- RF relation, (2) examine the extent to which the PWB-RF relation is moderated by sociocultural stress and gender, and (3) use the linkages between PWB-RF found at the daily level to predict long-term psychological distress. The proposed study will use data collected as part of the National Study of Daily Experiences (NSDE) substudy of the Midlife in the United States study for which F31 Co-Sponsor Dr. David Almeida is the Project Leader. The NSDE included daily assessments of positive and negative relationship events and positive and negative affect over an 8-day span. Using a subsample of 119 married or cohabitating African Americans, data will be analyzed in a multilevel modeling framework to test the effect of prior day RF on subsequent day PWB as well as the effect of prior day PWB on subsequent day RF (Aim 1). Sociocultural stress (discrimination, adverse residential quality) and gender will be examined as moderators of the PWB-RF cross-day relation (Aim 2). Daily relationship reactivity and daily well-being reactivity will also be tested as predictors of psychological distress a decade later (Aim 3). This project, which directly aligns with the mission of the NIMHD, will help to elucidate daily processes that may contribute to disparities in psychological and relationship health for African Americans and inform interventions designed to improve long-term psychological health and relational outcomes in this population. The applicant will receive multi-disciplinary training from leading experts at Penn State University in the intersection of individual psychological well-being and relationship adjustment, daily stress processes, minority health disparities, and intensive longitudinal data analysis, along with training in manuscript and grant preparation, to prepare her for a career as an independent researcher focused on the well-being of African American families.