Daily Associations between Psychological Well-Being and Relationship Functioning among African Americans

项目总结/摘要 非裔美国人在心理健康和亲密关系调整方面存在持续的差异 相对于其他种族和民族。有很多证据表明， 心理健康（PWB）和关系功能（RF）在一般美国人口，但很少 了解这些结构是如何在非裔美国人中特别相关的，或者社会文化 应力（例如，歧视、住房质量差）可能会影响这些协会。领导的一项研究 申请人证明，抑郁症状和关系满意度是相关的超过1年 跨度在非洲裔美国人夫妇和这些协会的性质不同的歧视， 按性别分列。PWB和RF之间的联系在长时间尺度上发现（例如，几个月到几年）可能反映了 积累的经验，发生在日常的基础上，但没有以前的工作已经审查（a） 在非裔美国人中每日水平测量的PWB和RF之间的关联，或（B）这些 日常联系与长期心理困扰有关。本研究的目的是（1）模拟 非裔美国人之间PWB和RF之间的跨日联系，并评估PWB的方向性- RF关系，（2）检查PWB-RF关系受社会文化压力调节的程度， 性别，和（3）使用之间的联系PWB-RF发现在日常水平，以预测长期的心理 痛苦这项拟议中的研究将使用作为国家日常经验研究（NINGS）的一部分收集的数据。 美国中年研究的子研究，F31共同申办者大卫阿尔梅达博士是该研究的项目 领袖NEROS包括积极和消极关系事件的日常评估，以及积极和消极关系事件的日常评估。 在8天的时间里产生负面影响。使用119个已婚或同居的非裔美国人的子样本，数据 将在多级建模框架中进行分析，以测试前一天RF对随后一天PWB的影响 以及前一天PWB对随后一天RF的影响（目标1）。社会文化压力（歧视， 不利的住宅质量）和性别将被视为PWB-RF跨日关系（Aim 2）。日常关系反应性和日常幸福反应性也将作为心理健康的预测因素进行测试。 十年后的困境（目标3）。该项目直接与NIMHD的使命相一致，将有助于 阐明可能导致非洲人心理和关系健康差异的日常过程 美国人和信息干预旨在改善长期心理健康和关系 这一人群的结果。申请人将接受宾夕法尼亚大学顶尖专家的多学科培训 州立大学在个人心理健康和关系调整的交叉点，日常 压力过程，少数民族健康差异，和密集的纵向数据分析，沿着培训， 手稿和赠款准备，准备她的职业生涯作为一个独立的研究人员专注于 非裔美国人家庭的幸福。

Project Summary/Abstract African Americans experience persistent disparities in mental health and intimate relationship adjustment relative to other racial and ethnic groups. There are well-documented associations between individual psychological well-being (PWB) and relationship functioning (RF) in the general U.S. population, but little is known about how these constructs are related among African Americans specifically or how sociocultural stress (e.g., discrimination, adverse residential quality) may impact these associations. A study led by the applicant demonstrated that depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction are associated over a 1-year span among African American couples and that the nature of these associations differs by discrimination and by gender. The links between PWB and RF found over long time scales (e.g., months to years) likely reflect the accumulation of experiences that occur on a day-to-day basis, but no prior work has examined (a) the associations between PWB and RF measured at the daily level among African Americans or (b) how these daily linkages relate to longer-term psychological distress. The aims of the current study are to (1) model the cross-day linkages between PWB and RF among African Americans and assess the directionality of the PWB- RF relation, (2) examine the extent to which the PWB-RF relation is moderated by sociocultural stress and gender, and (3) use the linkages between PWB-RF found at the daily level to predict long-term psychological distress. The proposed study will use data collected as part of the National Study of Daily Experiences (NSDE) substudy of the Midlife in the United States study for which F31 Co-Sponsor Dr. David Almeida is the Project Leader. The NSDE included daily assessments of positive and negative relationship events and positive and negative affect over an 8-day span. Using a subsample of 119 married or cohabitating African Americans, data will be analyzed in a multilevel modeling framework to test the effect of prior day RF on subsequent day PWB as well as the effect of prior day PWB on subsequent day RF (Aim 1). Sociocultural stress (discrimination, adverse residential quality) and gender will be examined as moderators of the PWB-RF cross-day relation (Aim 2). Daily relationship reactivity and daily well-being reactivity will also be tested as predictors of psychological distress a decade later (Aim 3). This project, which directly aligns with the mission of the NIMHD, will help to elucidate daily processes that may contribute to disparities in psychological and relationship health for African Americans and inform interventions designed to improve long-term psychological health and relational outcomes in this population. The applicant will receive multi-disciplinary training from leading experts at Penn State University in the intersection of individual psychological well-being and relationship adjustment, daily stress processes, minority health disparities, and intensive longitudinal data analysis, along with training in manuscript and grant preparation, to prepare her for a career as an independent researcher focused on the well-being of African American families.