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Mechanistic role of ns2 protein in evasion of innate immune response by alphaviruses

ns2蛋白在甲病毒逃避先天免疫反应中的机制作用

基本信息

批准号：
10165475
负责人：
ELENA I FROLOVA
金额：
$ 60.36万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-06-16 至 2023-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10165475
关键词：
Africa Alphavirus Animals Antarctic Antiviral Response Arthritogenic Attenuated Binding Blood Circulation Catalytic Domain Cause of Death Cells Central America Chikungunya virus Complex Cytoplasm DNA DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase Data Degradation Pathway Development Disease Outbreaks Dissection Encephalitis Encephalitis Viruses Equine Encephalomyelitis Family Florida Genetic Transcription Goals Health Hour Human Immune Evasion Immunity Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes India Infection Innate Immune Response Integration Host Factors Interferons Investigation Island Italy Mediating Methyltransferase Molecular Mutate Mutation Neurologic Nonstructural Protein Nuclear Nucleic Acid Binding Oceania Outcome Pathogenesis Pathogenicity Play Proteins RNA RNA Polymerase II RNA replication Research Research Proposals Risk Role S-Adenosylmethionine Safety Signal Transduction South America Surface Testing Time Togaviridae Transcription-Coupled Repair Travel Vaccines Variant Venezuelan Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Virus Virus Replication West Indies Western Equine Encephalitis Virus base chikungunya infection forest helicase human disease improved innate immune mechanisms mutant neglect novel therapeutics novel vaccines pathogen prevent therapeutic development vaccine candidate virus host interaction

项目摘要

Alphaviruses are an important group of human and animal pathogens that are widely distributed on all continents. Until recently, the importance of the Old World alphaviruses in global human health was strongly underestimated. However, recent outbreaks of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in India, Italy, East Africa's coastal islands and most recently on the Caribbean islands, South and Central America, Oceania have highlighted the risk posed by this virus. Our previous studies have unambiguously demonstrated that the Old World alphaviruses employ their nonstructural protein nsP2 to re-direct the cellular transcription coupled repair pathway for degradation of the catalytic subunit of the DNA- dependent RNA polymerase II, RPB1, and thus, to completely inhibit cellular transcription. Within a few hours post infection, virus-induced transcriptional shutoff makes the cells incapable of initiating an antiviral response and leads to development of cytopathic effect. Thus, the Old World alphavirus nsP2 is the major determinant of pathogenesis at the molecular and cellular levels. We have also demonstrated that the transcription inhibitory functions of nsP2 are determined not by its proteolytic activity, but by the ability of this protein to function as a helicase, and by its S-adenosyl-L- methionine-dependent RNA methyltransferase-like (SAM-like) domain. Two specific aims of the proposed research plan are focused on i) mechanistic understanding of the nsP2 helicase domain function in stalling cellular DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II and ii) on identification of cellular proteins that interact with the SAM-like domain of nsP2. We will also define the mechanistic role of the interactions of the latter domain in transcription inhibition. In our preliminary studies, we have developed a set of CHIKV variants with mutated nsP2, which are incapable of interfering with development of the innate immune response to CHIKV replication. These irreversible mutations had no detectable effect on the rates of CHIKV replication in cells defective in type I IFN signaling, but are cleared from IFN-competent cells without development of cytopathic effect. Therefore, in the third specific aim, we intend to assess the potential of these nsP2 mutants to improve the safety of the currently available experimental vaccine CHIKV 181/25.

甲病毒是一类重要的人类和动物病原体，分布广泛

项目成果

期刊论文数量（16）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Natural and Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Isolates Rapidly Evolve In Vitro to Higher Infectivity through More Efficient Binding to Heparan Sulfate and Reduced S1/S2 Cleavage.

DOI：
10.1128/jvi.01357-21
发表时间：
2021-10-13
期刊：
Journal of virology
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Shiliaev N;Lukash T;Palchevska O;Crossman DK;Green TJ;Crowley MR;Frolova EI;Frolov I
通讯作者：
Frolov I

All Domains of SARS-CoV-2 nsp1 Determine Translational Shutoff and Cytotoxicity of the Protein.

DOI：
10.1128/jvi.01865-22
发表时间：
2023-03-30
期刊：
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Frolov, Ilya;Agback, Tatiana;Palchevska, Oksana;Dominguez, Francisco;Lomzov, Alexander;Agback, Peter;Frolova, Elena I.
通讯作者：
Frolova, Elena I.

Acquisition of Furin Cleavage Site and Further SARS-CoV-2 Evolution Change the Mechanisms of Viral Entry, Infection Spread, and Cell Signaling.