Diverse Transition-Metal and Free-Radical Chemistry Enabling 2'-Deoxyribonucleotide Production by Bacteria in Restrictive Environments

多种过渡金属和自由基化学使细菌在限制性环境中生产 2-脱氧核糖核苷酸

• 批准号: 10165753
• 负责人: JOSEPH M BOLLINGER
• 金额: $ 37.74万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-01 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10165753
• 关键词: Active Sites; Aerococcus; Amino Acids; Ammonium; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Cations; Cells; Charge; Chemistry; Complex; Cysteine; DNA; DNA Repair; DNA biosynthesis; Data; Deoxyribonucleotides; Dependence; Disease; Electrons; Ensure; Environment; Enzymes; Evolution; Failure; Flavobacteria; Flavoproteins; Free Radicals; Gene Expression Profiling; Generations; Genes; Growth; Hospitals; Human; Hydrophobicity; Immune response; In Vitro; Infection; Iron; Ligands; Light; Lysine; Manganese; Metals; Nucleotides; Organism; Oxidants; Oxides; Pharyngeal structure; Physiological; Positioning Attribute; Process; Production; Property; Proteins; Reaction; Reporting; Ribonucleotide Reductase; Role; Scarlet Fever; Site; Streptococcus pyogenes; Structure; Superoxides; System; Tissues; Transition Elements; Work; X-Ray Crystallography; base; cofactor; complex IV; dehydroxylation; deprivation; design; drug discovery; in vivo; member; microbial; opportunistic pathogen; oxidation; pathogen; pathogenic bacteria; pathogenic microbe

Project Summary/Abstract All organisms obtain the deoxynucleotide substrates for DNA synthesis and repair by the action of an enzyme known as ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). The several known types of RNRs, which have been divided into classes I, II, and III, differ in the transition-metal and free-radical chemistry that they use to initiate their common, challenging reduction/dehydroxylation reaction. Recent studies have shown that many bacteria that infect and cause disease in humans use class I RNRs that differ markedly from the human class I, subclass a enzyme. Some of these microbial RNRs (subclasses b and d) use manganese instead of iron in what is thought to be an adaptation to iron deprivation caused by the human immune response, and others use both metals (subclass c). We just discovered that a new type of RNR from the causative agent of strep throat and scarlet fever may have fully escaped the usual dependence on transition metals by using a previously unknown type of stable amino acid radical, thus founding subclass e. This project will reveal precisely how the members of three new subclasses of class I RNRs (including d and e) that were recently identified in pathogenic bacteria acquire their catalytic activity and initiate nucleotide reduction. The very different initiation chemistry used by the pathogens' enzymes offers opportunities for their selective inhibition by antibiotics. This project will provide the conceptual underpinnings for such drug discovery efforts and will shed light on the ways in which pathogenic microbes have adapted to cope with their hosts' hostile immune response.

项目总结/文摘