A ROBOT-ASSISTED PERFUSION SYSTEM TO IMPROVE PATIENT SAFETY IN THE CARDIAC OPERATING ROOM

项目摘要/摘要 全世界绝大多数的儿童和成人心脏外科手术都涉及到使用 体外循环与专用和高度定制的灌流系统。心脏外科 程序是复杂的，需要安全关键活动，需要四个人之间的持续协调 分组：灌注组、外科组、护理组和麻醉组。这种环境需要出色的技术和 非技术技能(如团队合作、沟通和情景意识)。 在过去的几十年里，技术的进步提高了安全和效率 然而，尽管灌注系统取得了实质性进展，最近的研究继续报告说， 心脏手术患者中可预防的术中不良事件。尤其是灌流系统， 在很大程度上依赖于灌注者的专业知识和技能，目前还没有计算智能 该系统支持灌注者在体外循环关键阶段的最佳决策。 在这项建议中，我们寻求开发一种数据驱动的方法，向专家灌注主义者学习如何实现 心脏手术患者的最佳结果。与其试图设计一种解决方案，我们建议 开发一个机器人学徒，可以从灌注主义行为的高质量演示中学习，以推断黄金- 标准的病人护理。我们的目标是开发和评估一种机器人辅助输液系统(RAP)， 可以作为非人类队友融入心脏手术工作流程。RAP将支持 以灌注者仍将保持对灌流系统(即，环中人)的控制的方式的灌流团队， 但在认知上受到说唱的支持和指导。

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT The vast majority of pediatric and adult cardiac surgery procedures worldwide involve the use of cardiopulmonary bypass with a dedicated and highly customized perfusion system. Cardiac surgery procedures are complex and entail safety-critical activities, requiring continuous coordination between four subteams: perfusion, surgical, nursing and anesthesia. This environment demands outstanding technical and non-technical skills (e.g. teamwork, communication and situational awareness). Over the past few decades, technological advancements have improved the safety and efficiency of the perfusion system, however, despite substantial progress, recent studies continue to report a high incidence of preventable intraoperative adverse events among cardiac surgery patients. The perfusion system, in particular, relies heavily on the expertise and skills of the perfusionist, and there is currently no computational intelligent system to support perfusionists’ optimal decision-making during the critical phase of cardiopulmonary bypass. In this proposal, we seek to develop a data-driven approach to learn from expert perfusionists how to achieve optimal outcomes for cardiac surgery patients. Rather than attempt to engineer a solution, we propose to develop a robot apprentice that can learn from high-quality demonstrations of perfusionist actions to infer gold- standard patient care. Our goal is to develop and evaluate a Robot-Assisted Perfusion System (RAPS) that can be integrated into the cardiac surgery workflow as a non-human teammate. The RAPS will support the perfusion team in a way that perfusionists still will keep control of the perfusion system (i.e. human-in-the-loop), but cognitively supported and guided by the RAPS.