Investigation of Unusual Cyclization Reactions in Biocatalysis
Investigation of Unusual Cyclization Reactions in Biocatalysis
批准号:
10204013
负责人:
HUNG-WEN LIU
金额:
$36.41万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
1989
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
1989-04-01 至 2024-06-30
关键词:
2-AminopurineAcyl Carrier ProteinAddressAnabolismAntibioticsBacteriaBasic ScienceBiochemistryBiologicalBiological AssayBiomedical ResearchBioremediationsBiotechnologyCarbonCatalysisChemical StructureChemicalsChemistryCyclizationCyclobutanesDevelopmentEngineeringEnzymatic BiochemistryEnzymesExhibitsFlavinsFormycinsFundingFutureGene ClusterGene ExpressionGenesGoalsHealthHumanIn VitroInvestigationLaboratoriesLeadLearningLipidsMapsMediatingMetabolismMethodsMolecular BiologyNatural ProductsNatural Products ChemistryNatureNitrogenNucleosidesOutcomePathway interactionsPeriodicityPharmacologic SubstancePolyenesPropertyPurinesPyrazolesReactionResearchScientistSequence AnalysisSeriesSkeletonSourceStructureSystemTestingWorkanti-cancerantimicrobialcarbohydrate biosynthesischemical synthesiscombinatorialenzyme mechanismgene producthuman diseasein vitro Assayin vivointerestnew technologynovelnucleobaseoxidationpolyketide synthasepyranosereconstitutionsugarsynthetic biologythioestertool
中文摘要
摘要
天然产物一直是并将继续是治疗和研究的先导化合物的丰富来源。
人类疾病。这些化合物中的许多具有不寻常的环状骨架,
依赖于并且经常需要同样不寻常的酶催化反应来构建它们。 通过映射
这些天然产物的生物合成途径,并阐明反应的化学机制
其中,我们的目标是丰富天然产物化学家和合成生物学家可用的工具库,
他们努力开发和设计新技术和药物,以造福人类健康。
然而,为了充分实现天然产物生物合成的潜力,必须
其特征在于,其基本化学性质被彻底理解。 本着这一精神,我们确定了三个
在下一个资助期内进行研究的主要系统。 因此,第一个具体目标是探索
这是一种前所未有的生物合成途径。 的顺式-反式稠环丁烷环系统,
科学家们长期以来一直对梯烷感兴趣,因为它们在厌氧氨氧化细菌中的重要性,它们对微生物的影响,
全球氮循环及其作为生物燃料的潜力。 然而,它们的生物合成仍然是个谜,
必需的酶转化基本上是未知的,并且很可能涉及许多自由基的转化。
由自由基SAM酶催化的介导反应。 第二个具体目标是了解
两种独特的肽基核苷类抗生素(PNAs)的生物起源。 聚酮和碳水化合物
生物合成传统上被认为是次生代谢中两个独立的范例。 然而,在这方面,
最近对阿米普利霉素和米哈拉霉素的生物合成研究表明,
这些PNA的糖核可能被生物合成为聚酮化合物。 我们的目标是严格检验这一假设
通过在体外重建生物合成途径。 我们将确定这些糖核的来源
化合物,并建立其结构中涉及的反应的顺序和性质。 第三
具体的目的是阐明途径和反应,负责吡唑环的形成,
福霉素A和阿佐弗林。 这些C-核苷类抗生素中的吡唑部分因其N-N
连接,可能需要形成有机肼中间体。 然而,生物
N-N键形成和环化的基础转化目前几乎完全是推测性的。
对这些假设的彻底调查将需要我们在分子生物学领域的专业知识的集体应用。
生物学,化学合成和酶学,以建立生物合成途径和酶
催化机制。这些系统是根据它们的新奇、对环境的影响、
机械酶学领域,并在生物医学研究的基础和转化的潜在效用
程度. 我们相信这项工作将继续解决生物化学中的长期问题,并开辟新的
在次级代谢和药物研究中的发现途径。
英文摘要
ABSTRACT
Natural products have been and continue to be a rich source of lead compounds for the treatment and study of
human diseases. Many of these compounds have unusual cyclic skeletons on which their biological properties
depend and often require equally unusual enzyme-catalyzed reactions for their construction. By mapping the
biosynthetic pathways of these natural products and elucidating the chemical mechanisms of the reactions
therein, we aim to enrich the repertoire of tools available to natural product chemists and synthetic biologists in
their efforts to develop and engineer new technologies and pharmaceuticals for the benefit of human health.
However, in order to fully realize the potential of natural product biosynthesis, the pathways must be
characterized, and the underlying chemistry thoroughly understood. In this spirit, we have identified three
principal systems for study in the next funding period. Thus, the first specific aim is to explore the
unprecedented biosynthetic pathway of ladderane lipids. The cis-fused cyclobutane ring systems of the
ladderanes have long been of interest to scientists given their importance in anammox bacteria, their impact on
the global nitrogen cycle and their potential as biofuels. However, their biosynthesis remains enigmatic as the
necessary enzyme transformations are essentially unknown and may very well involve a number of radical-
mediated reactions catalyzed by radical SAM enzymes. The second specific aim seeks to understand the
biological origin of two unique peptidyl nucleoside antibiotics (PNAs). Polyketide and carbohydrate
biosynthesis have traditionally been considered two separate paradigms in secondary metabolism. However,
recent biosynthetic investigations of amipurimycin and miharamycins have suggested that the high-carbon
sugar cores of these PNAs are likely biosynthesized as polyketides. We aim to rigorously test this hypothesis
by reconstituting the biosynthetic pathways in vitro. We will determine the origin of the sugar cores in these
compounds and establish the sequence and nature of the reactions involved in their construction. The third
specific aim is to elucidate the pathway and reactions that are responsible for pyrazole ring formation in
formycin A and pyrazofurin. The pyrazole moieties in these C-nucleoside antibiotics are notable for their N–N
linkage that may require formation of an organohydrazine intermediate. However, the biological
transformations underlying N–N bond formation and cyclization are presently almost entirely speculative.
Thorough investigation of these hypotheses will require the collective application of our expertise in molecular
biology, chemical synthesis and enzymology to establish the biosynthetic pathways and enzymatic
mechanisms of catalysis. These systems have been selected on the basis of their novelty, implications for the
field of mechanistic enzymology, and potential utility in biomedical research at the basic and translational
levels. We believe this work will continue to address standing questions in biological chemistry and open new
avenues of discovery in secondary metabolism and pharmaceutical research.
期刊论文(0)
专著(0)
科研奖励(0)
会议论文
Three-membered Ring Metabolites, Inhibition and Formation
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批准号:7907114
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$25.89万
-
财政年份:2009
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负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
-
依托单位:
C-C & C-N Bond Formation in Unusual Sugar Biosynthesis
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批准号:7216711
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$31.53万
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财政年份:1996
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负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
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依托单位:
MECHANISMS OF BIOSYNTHESIS OF BRANCHED-CHAIN SUGARS
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批准号:2193717
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$16.07万
-
财政年份:1996
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负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
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依托单位:
C-C & C-N Bond Formation in Unusual Sugar Biosynthesis
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批准号:6783862
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$32.42万
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财政年份:1996
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负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
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依托单位:
C-C AND C-N BOND FORMATION IN UNUSUAL SUGAR BIOSYNTHESES
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批准号:6772096
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$10.58万
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财政年份:1996
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负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
-
依托单位:
MECHANISMS OF BIOSYNTHESIS OF BRANCHED-CHAIN SUGARS
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批准号:2444902
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$15.45万
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财政年份:1996
-
负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
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依托单位:
C-C AND C-N BOND FORMATION IN UNUSUAL SUGAR BIOSYNTHESES
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批准号:6386336
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$24.25万
-
财政年份:1996
-
负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
-
依托单位:
C-C & C-N Bond Formation in Unusual Sugar Biosynthesis
-
批准号:6876066
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$33.26万
-
财政年份:1996
-
负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
-
依托单位:
MECHANISMS OF BIOSYNTHESIS OF BRANCHED-CHAIN SUGARS
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批准号:2734803
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$17.21万
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财政年份:1996
-
负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
-
依托单位:
C-C & C-N Bond Formation in Unusual Sugar Biosynthesis
-
批准号:7036713
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$32.47万
-
财政年份:1996
-
负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
-
依托单位:
C-C AND C-N BOND FORMATION IN UNUSUAL SUGAR BIOSYNTHESES
-
批准号:6181065
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$5.92万
-
财政年份:1996
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负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
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依托单位:
C-C AND C-N BOND FORMATION IN UNUSUAL SUGAR BIOSYNTHESES
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批准号:2908559
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$31.81万
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财政年份:1996
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负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
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依托单位:
C-C AND C-N BOND FORMATION IN UNUSUAL SUGAR BIOSYNTHESES
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批准号:6402652
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$30.43万
-
财政年份:1996
-
负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
-
依托单位:
C-C AND C-N BOND FORMATION IN UNUSUAL SUGAR BIOSYNTHESES
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批准号:6519751
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$31.22万
-
财政年份:1996
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负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
-
依托单位:
MECHANISTIC STUDY OF RADICALS IN BIOLOGY CATALYSIS
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批准号:3072943
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资助金额:$6.84万
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财政年份:1990
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负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
-
依托单位:
MECHANISTIC STUDY OF RADICALS IN BIOLOGY CATALYSIS
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批准号:3072941
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$7.02万
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财政年份:1990
-
负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
-
依托单位:
MECHANISTIC STUDY OF RADICALS IN BIOLOGY CATALYSIS
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批准号:3072940
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$7.02万
-
财政年份:1990
-
负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
-
依托单位:
MECHANISTIC STUDY OF RADICALS IN BIOLOGY CATALYSIS
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批准号:2165952
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$7.02万
-
财政年份:1990
-
负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
-
依托单位:
MECHANISTIC STUDY OF RADICALS IN BIOLOGY CATALYSIS
-
批准号:3072942
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$6.97万
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财政年份:1990
-
负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
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依托单位:
CYCLOPROPYL METABOLITES, ENZYMATIC INHIBITION/FORMATION
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批准号:6385743
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$26.59万
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财政年份:1989
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负责人:HUNG-WEN LIU
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依托单位:
海外基金