Neuronal and behavioral effects of an implicit priming approach to improve eating behaviors in obesity

隐式启动方法改善肥胖饮食行为的神经元和行为效应

• 批准号: 10209808
• 负责人: JASON R TREGELLAS
• 金额: $ 54.35万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-09 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10209808
• 关键词: Acute; Affective; Attention; Attitude; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Composition; Body Weight; Body Weight decreased; Brain; Calories; Chronic; Cognitive; Complex; Consumption; Cues; Data; Desire for food; Eating; Eating Behavior; Emotional; Energy Intake; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Food Preferences; Funding; Goals; Health; Hormones; Ice Cream; Image; Individual; Insula of Reil; Intake; Intervention; Investigation; Maggots; Maintenance; Measures; Negative Valence; Neurobiology; Neurons; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Overweight; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Perception; Pilot Projects; Positive Valence; Predisposition; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Property; Public Health; Quality of life; Radio; Randomized; Regulation; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; United States National Institutes of Health; Ventral Striatum; Visual; Washington; Weight; Woman; active control; base; behavior change; behavior measurement; behavioral response; behavioral study; cardiovascular disorder risk; classical conditioning; conditioning; energy balance; food craving; hedonic; improved; intervention effect; men; mortality; neuroimaging; novel; obesity prevention; preference; prevent; recruit; response; sex; therapy design; weight loss program; weight maintenance

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Weight loss is associated with a reduction in obesity-related health risks, but can be difficult, with preventing subsequent weight regain even more challenging. As such, understanding mechanisms underlying energy balance regulation and identifying strategies for successful weight loss and maintenance are important goals, and are key components of the Strategic Plan for NIH Obesity Research. Food intake is a complex process involving homeostatic signals (e.g., appetite-related hormones) and non-homeostatic signals (e.g., reinforcing properties of food). One factor that may contribute to susceptibility to obesity is a high responsivity to high-calorie foods, which promotes increased caloric intake. Food preferences involve learned associations thought to develop via classical conditioning through repeated pairings with external stimuli. Improving our understanding of the neuronal mechanisms underlying these processes and attempting to modify them may be a useful strategy for weight loss and maintenance. Therefore, the proposed study aims to investigate the neuronal and behavioral effects of an intervention designed to alter affective associations with food, using a novel implicit priming (IP) paradigm, in which positively or negatively valenced images are presented immediately prior to food images, but not consciously perceived. We hypothesize that IP will alter neuronal and behavioral responses related to food intake, reducing the appeal of high-calorie foods and promoting weight loss and maintenance. The project goals are to further delineate the neuronal mechanisms underlying the intervention, establish the impact of IP on longer-term food preferences and eating behavior, and determine if it can facilitate weight- loss maintenance in individuals with overweight/obesity. Effects of IP on neuronal responses to visual food cues and measures of eating behaviors (food intake, preferences) will be measured not only acutely, but also following 12 weeks of weekly IP administrations, within the context of weight-loss maintenance. Weight and body composition will be measured before and after the intervention, and, to assess lasting effects, 12 weeks after the intervention has ended. Participants will be randomized to active IP, control IP (with scrambled images as primes), or to an active control, cue exposure therapy (CET). Sex-based differences will also be examined, as studies have observed women to have stronger, more frequent food cravings, greater neuronal response to hedonic food cues, and greater sensitivity to disgust than men. The use of neuroimaging in this study will provide a more sensitive measure than behavioral measures alone and will help to identify mechanisms through which the intervention changes behavior. If the project aims are achieved, it would not only yield new information about the neurobiology of food intake behavior, but also could represent a potential novel intervention for treatment and prevention of obesity.

项目总结/摘要 减肥与减少肥胖相关的健康风险有关，但可能很困难， 随后体重恢复甚至更具挑战性。因此，理解能量的基本机制 平衡调节和确定成功减肥和维持体重的策略是重要的目标， 是NIH肥胖研究战略计划的关键组成部分。 食物摄入是一个复杂的过程，涉及稳态信号（例如，食欲相关激素）和 非稳态信号（例如，强化食品的特性）。一个可能导致易感性的因素是， 肥胖是对高热量食物的高反应性，其促进增加的热量摄入。食物偏好 涉及学习联想，认为通过经典条件作用，通过重复配对， 外部刺激。提高我们对这些过程背后的神经机制的理解， 尝试修改它们可能是减肥和维持体重的有用策略。因此，建议 一项旨在研究干预对神经和行为的影响， 与食物的联系，使用一种新的内隐启动（IP）范式，其中积极或消极的效价 图像在食物图像之前立即呈现，但不是有意识地感知的。我们假设IP 将改变与食物摄入相关的神经元和行为反应，降低高热量食物的吸引力 并促进减肥和维持。 该项目的目标是进一步描绘干预的神经机制，建立 知识产权对长期食物偏好和饮食行为的影响，并确定它是否可以增加体重- 超重/肥胖个体的损失维持。IP对视觉食物刺激神经元反应的影响 饮食行为的线索和措施（食物摄入量，偏好）将不仅被精确地测量， 每周IP给药12周后，在维持体重减轻的情况下。重量和 将在干预前后测量身体成分，并评估持续影响，12周 干预结束后。受试者将被随机分配至活性IP、对照IP（加扰） 图像作为启动），或主动控制，提示暴露疗法（CET）。基于性别的差异也将 研究发现，女性有更强烈，更频繁的食物渴望，更大的神经元 对享乐食物线索的反应，以及对厌恶的敏感性比男性更高。神经影像学在这方面的应用 这项研究将提供一个比单独的行为措施更敏感的措施，并将有助于确定 干预改变行为的机制。如果项目目标得以实现， 这不仅能产生关于食物摄入行为的神经生物学的新信息，而且还可能代表一种潜在的 用于治疗和预防肥胖症的新干预。