Early-Life Health Consequences of Unequal Kinship Networks

不平等的亲属关系网络对生命早期健康的影响

• 批准号: 10215577
• 负责人: Heeju Sohn
• 金额: $ 24.21万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10215577
• 关键词: Achievement; Address; Adult; Age; Biological; Biological Markers; Birth; Cessation of life; Child; Childbirth; Childhood; Complex; Consequentialism; Couples; Data; Demographer; Demography; Disadvantaged; Divorce; Doctor of Philosophy; Engineering; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Event; Faculty; Family; Family Process; Family Relationship; Family member; Fellowship; Fertility; Fertility Rates; Foundations; Future; Gender; Generations; Goals; Health; Health Insurance; Health Policy; Health Services Accessibility; Health Status; Health behavior; Individual; Industrialization; Inequality; Infant; Intervention; Interview; Joints; Kinship Networks; Knowledge; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Literature; Longevity; Marriage; Measures; Methodology; Minor; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Newborn Infant; Nuclear Family; Operations Research; Outcome; Parents; Pathway Analysis; Pathway interactions; Pennsylvania; Persons; Phase; Pilot Projects; Policies; Population; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Process; Race; Recording of previous events; Remarriages; Research; Research Project Grants; Resources; Sampling; Sleep; Social support; Sociology; Source; Spouses; Stepparent; Stress; Structure; Support System; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Translating; United States; Universities; Work; base; beneficiary; child bearing; critical period; experience; family structure; family support; grandparent; health disparity; health inequalities; health management; improved; in utero; intergenerational; member; mortality; network models; nutrition; population health; programs; response; safety net; simulation; social disparities; socioeconomics; stem; support network; trend; young adult

Project Summary I graduated with a joint Ph.D. in Demography and Sociology from University of Pennsylvania and an M.Eng in Operations Research and Industrial Engineering from Cornell University. My dissertation examined the consequences of health insurance policies on inequalities between gender, race/ethnicity, and access to care. During my postdoctoral fellowship at UCLA’s Department of Health Policy and Management (HPM), I expanded my work in safety nets to include informal kin-based sources. My work thus far has focused on dyadic relationships and proximate determinants of health. The K99 will allow me to broaden this focus and (1) develop of methodological expertise in network analyses; and (2) gain expertise in the study of biological markers of health to address the question: “Do differences in kinship support networks explain the health gap between socioeconomic groups?” The R00 phase will allow for a pilot study whose findings will motivate a future R01 that will collect data needed to answer this question directly. Current health policy strengthens the importance of kin through dependent coverage of spouses and children. The changing landscape of family ties is often missing from policy debates. Diverging trends in mortality, family formation, and childbearing between people who have more, and less socioeconomic resources may reinforce or exacerbate health inequalities. Adults with supportive ties to their spouses and parents may benefit from stronger safety nets. Children who are born and grow up in these strong kinship networks may have access to greater resources than children who have fewer parents, grandparents, and whose family relationships are made complex by step-kin. This proposal will (1) quantify the unequal kinship networks stemming from diverging trends in mortality, fertility and martial histories and its resulting disparities in support; (2) establish an association between kin-based safety nets with health in-utero and early life; and (3) simulate the potential population-level health impact of kinship networks stemming from unequal demographic histories of multiple generations. The proposed training program and research project will set the foundations for an independent research program whose goal is to ascertain the contribution of disparate family processes in population health inequality. The findings will help to create health policies that consider the diverse and evolving kinship networks that beneficiaries are embedded in and to identify effective opportunities for intervention. During the K99 phase, I will develop methodologies to create simulations of kinship networks using population-representative data. I will also collaborate with a research lab to collect repeated biomarker data along with information on social support from families as they go through pregnancy, birth, and the first year of the infant’s life. During the R00 phase, I will analyze the data and incorporate its findings into the kinship network models developed during the K99 phase. UCLA is the ideal place for my training and research as it has faculty and institutional resources that are critical for the completion of this project.

项目摘要 我是博士毕业的。宾夕法尼亚大学人口学和社会学硕士， 康奈尔大学的运筹学和工业工程。我的论文研究了 健康保险政策对性别、种族/族裔和获得保健机会之间不平等的后果。 在加州大学洛杉矶分校卫生政策与管理系（HPM）的博士后研究期间，我 扩大了我在安全网方面的工作，包括非正式的亲属来源。到目前为止，我的工作主要集中在 健康的二元关系和直接决定因素。K99将使我能够扩大这一重点和（1） 发展网络分析的方法学专业知识;（2）获得生物学研究的专业知识 健康标志来解决这个问题：“亲属支持网络的差异是否可以解释健康差距 社会经济群体之间的关系“R 00阶段将允许进行试点研究，其结果将激励 未来的R 01将收集直接回答这个问题所需的数据。目前的卫生政策加强了 通过配偶和子女的受抚养人保险来强调亲属的重要性。家庭关系的变化 在政策辩论中经常被忽略。2002 - 2003年期间死亡率、家庭组成和生育方面的不同趋势 社会经济资源较多或较少的人可能会加强或加剧健康不平等。 与配偶和父母有支持关系的成年人可能会受益于更强大的安全网。的儿童 在这些强大的亲属关系网络中出生和成长的人可能比儿童获得更多的资源 他们的父母、祖父母和外祖父母人数较少，而且他们的家庭关系因继亲属关系而变得复杂。这 建议将（1）量化死亡率、生育率和生育率的不同趋势所产生的不平等亲属网络， 军事历史及其导致的支持差异;（2）建立基于亲属的安全之间的关联 网与健康在子宫内和生命早期;（3）模拟潜在的人口水平的健康影响的亲属关系 网络源于几代人不平等的人口历史。拟议的培训 计划和研究项目将为一个独立的研究计划奠定基础，其目标是 确定不同的家庭过程在人口健康不平等中的作用。这些发现将有助于 制定卫生政策，考虑受益人所处的多样化和不断发展的亲属网络 并确定有效的干预机会。在K99阶段，我将开发方法， 使用人口代表性数据创建亲属关系网络的模拟。我还将与一位 研究实验室收集重复的生物标志物数据，沿着家庭的社会支持信息， 经历怀孕、分娩和婴儿出生后的第一年。在R 00阶段，我将分析数据 并将其发现纳入K99阶段开发的亲属网络模型中。UCLA是 我的培训和研究的理想场所，因为它有教师和机构资源，这是至关重要的 完成这个项目。