Examining the Longitudinal Influence of the Physical and Social Environments on Social Isolation and Cognitive Health: contextualizing the role of technology

项目摘要 社会福祉和认知健康是成功老龄化的两大支柱，它们是相互关联的。三 几十年的研究一致表明，社会孤立与认知能力的下降有关， 功能虽然现有的文献已经探讨了个体水平的风险和保护因素， 人们很少注意到生活环境的物质和社会特征在多大程度上 影响社交孤立和认知健康。老龄化的生态理论（ETA）假定环境因素 对健康和社会福利有重大影响。环境的负面物理特征 被假设为与社会孤立和认知能力下降有关。越来越 大量的研究调查了信息通信技术的使用和社会隔离之间的联系，但信息通信技术的使用是否 将与环境因素对社会孤立风险的影响相互作用尚未得到实证 测试.此外，信通技术的使用对认知健康的影响还没有得到很好的理解。促进社会 使用基于技术的方法进行互动有可能减轻老年人的社会隔离 人，防止认知能力下降。拟议的论文工作（F99）将研究物理的影响， 和社会环境中的生活在社会隔离和认知健康。使用信通技术的影响将是 在生活环境中进行调查。多层次建模和结构方程建模方法将是 使用国家健康与老龄化趋势研究（NHATS）的数据进行二次数据分析 波5到9。博士后阶段（K 00）的指导方针是建立知识的总体目标， 行为和背景途径，可以解释社会孤立和认知之间的联系， 减少和发展以社区为基础的行为健康干预。在K 00阶段，PI将增加 通过进行系统性综述，了解社会隔离和认知健康研究领域。 正在进行的基于互联网的对话参与临床试验（I-CONECT）的纵向数据将被 分析了社交孤立与神经心理学结果变化之间的关系。的 主要研究者将利用利用技术协同老化研究（CART）收集的纵向数据 平台，以调查日常活动，社会参与和认知健康之间的关系， 老年参与者将对F99和K 00阶段积累的知识进行综合， 共同设计一个技术促进的社会隔离和认知能力下降的干预方案。拟议 研究将产生关于环境因素对社会孤立和认知的影响的知识。 健康，并实现PI的发展行为健康干预的长期专业目标，以解决 社会隔离和预防阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症的发病。

PROJECT SUMMARY Social wellbeing and cognitive health are two pillars of successful aging, and they are interrelated. Three decades of research have consistently shown that social isolation is associated with declines in cognitive functioning. Although existing literature has explored the individual-level risk and protective factors, researchers' attention has been less paid to the extent to which physical and social characteristics of the living environment affect social isolation and cognitive health. The Ecological Theory of Aging (ETA) posits environmental factors have significant influences on health and social wellbeing. Negative physical characteristics of the environment were hypothesized to be related to increased social isolation and cognitive decline longitudinally. An increasing amount of research investigated the association between ICT use and social isolation, yet whether ICT use would interact with the effect of environmental factors on the risk of social isolation has not yet been empirically tested. Besides, the influence of ICT use on cognitive health has not been well understood. Promoting social interaction using technology-based approaches have the potential to alleviate social isolation among older people and prevent cognitive decline. The proposed dissertation work (F99) will examine the effect of physical and social environments of living on social isolation and cognitive health. The effects of ICT use will be investigated within living contexts. Multi-level modeling and structural equation modeling methods will be employed to conduct secondary data analysis using data from the National Health & Aging Trend Study (NHATS) wave 5 to 9. The postdoctoral stage (K00) is guided by the overarching aim of building knowledge on the behavioral and contextual pathways that could explain the association between social isolation and cognitive decline and developing a community-based behavioral health intervention. At the K00 phase, the PI will increase understanding of the social isolation and cognitive health research landscape by conducting a systematic review. Longitudinal data from the ongoing Internet-based Conversational Engagement Clinical Trial (I-CONECT) will be analyzed to examine the association between social isolation and change in neuropsychological outcomes. The PI will utilize the longitudinal data collected with the Collaborative Aging Research Using Technology (CART) platform to investigate the relationships between daily activities, social engagement, and the cognitive health of older participants. Knowledge to be built at F99 and K00 stages will be synthesized to inform the participatory co-design of a technology-facilitated intervention program for social isolation and cognitive decline. The proposed research will produce knowledge on the influence of environmental factors on social isolation and cognitive health, and achieve the PI’s long-term professional goal of developing behavioral health intervention to address social isolation and prevent the onset of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.