Examining the Longitudinal Influence of the Physical and Social Environments on Social Isolation and Cognitive Health: contextualizing the role of technology

项目总结 社会福利和认知健康是成功老龄化的两大支柱，它们是相互关联的。三 几十年的研究一直表明，社交孤立与认知能力的下降有关 功能正常。尽管现有的文献已经探讨了个体水平的风险和保护因素，但研究人员的 生活环境的物理和社会特征在多大程度上受到了较少的关注 影响社交隔离和认知健康。老龄化的生态理论(ETA)假设环境因素 对健康和社会福祉有重大影响。环境的负面物理特征 被认为与社会孤立程度的增加和认知能力的下降有关。不断增加的 大量研究调查了ICT使用与社会孤立之间的关系，但ICT的使用是否 是否会与环境因素相互作用对社会孤立风险的影响尚未得到经验证明 测试过。此外，信息通信技术的使用对认知健康的影响还没有得到很好的了解。促进社会发展 使用基于技术的方法进行互动有可能缓解老年人的社会孤立 并防止认知能力下降。建议的论文工作(F99)将检验物理的影响 以及生活在社会孤立和认知健康的社会环境中。使用信息和通信技术的影响将是 在生活环境中进行调查。多层次建模和结构方程建模方法将是 使用国家健康和老龄化趋势研究(NHATS)的数据进行二次数据分析 第五至第九波。博士后阶段(K00)的指导方针是建立关于以下方面的知识 可以解释社会孤立和认知之间联系的行为和背景路径 减少和发展以社区为基础的行为健康干预。在K00阶段，PI将增加 通过进行系统综述，了解社会隔离和认知健康的研究图景。 正在进行的基于互联网的对话式参与临床试验(I-CONECT)的纵向数据将是 分析以检查社会孤立和神经心理结果变化之间的联系。这个 PI将利用与使用技术的协作老龄化研究(CART)收集的纵向数据 调查日常活动、社交活动和认知健康之间关系的平台 年龄较大的参与者。将综合在F99和K00阶段建立的知识，以告知参与式 共同设计了一项针对社交孤立和认知衰退的技术促进的干预计划。建议数 研究将产生关于环境因素对社会孤立和认知的影响的知识 健康，并实现PI的长期专业目标，发展行为健康干预，以解决 社会隔离和预防阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症的发病。

PROJECT SUMMARY Social wellbeing and cognitive health are two pillars of successful aging, and they are interrelated. Three decades of research have consistently shown that social isolation is associated with declines in cognitive functioning. Although existing literature has explored the individual-level risk and protective factors, researchers' attention has been less paid to the extent to which physical and social characteristics of the living environment affect social isolation and cognitive health. The Ecological Theory of Aging (ETA) posits environmental factors have significant influences on health and social wellbeing. Negative physical characteristics of the environment were hypothesized to be related to increased social isolation and cognitive decline longitudinally. An increasing amount of research investigated the association between ICT use and social isolation, yet whether ICT use would interact with the effect of environmental factors on the risk of social isolation has not yet been empirically tested. Besides, the influence of ICT use on cognitive health has not been well understood. Promoting social interaction using technology-based approaches have the potential to alleviate social isolation among older people and prevent cognitive decline. The proposed dissertation work (F99) will examine the effect of physical and social environments of living on social isolation and cognitive health. The effects of ICT use will be investigated within living contexts. Multi-level modeling and structural equation modeling methods will be employed to conduct secondary data analysis using data from the National Health & Aging Trend Study (NHATS) wave 5 to 9. The postdoctoral stage (K00) is guided by the overarching aim of building knowledge on the behavioral and contextual pathways that could explain the association between social isolation and cognitive decline and developing a community-based behavioral health intervention. At the K00 phase, the PI will increase understanding of the social isolation and cognitive health research landscape by conducting a systematic review. Longitudinal data from the ongoing Internet-based Conversational Engagement Clinical Trial (I-CONECT) will be analyzed to examine the association between social isolation and change in neuropsychological outcomes. The PI will utilize the longitudinal data collected with the Collaborative Aging Research Using Technology (CART) platform to investigate the relationships between daily activities, social engagement, and the cognitive health of older participants. Knowledge to be built at F99 and K00 stages will be synthesized to inform the participatory co-design of a technology-facilitated intervention program for social isolation and cognitive decline. The proposed research will produce knowledge on the influence of environmental factors on social isolation and cognitive health, and achieve the PI’s long-term professional goal of developing behavioral health intervention to address social isolation and prevent the onset of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.