High Intensity Body-weight Circuit Training Feasibility and Efficacy for Improving Metabolic Profile, Body Composition, and Health-Related Fitness in Middle Aged Persons with Type 2 Diabetes

2型糖尿病（T2DM）是一种进行性疾病，在工业化国家被认为是一种健康流行病。如果不治疗，这种疾病会伴有一些不利的情况（如心血管、神经、肾脏等），这些情况会随着年龄的增长和缺乏身体活动而恶化。迫切需要务实、具有成本效益的对策来治疗2型糖尿病并减缓其进展。运动就是这样一种干预措施，已被证明对治疗2型糖尿病患者是成功的；然而，通常规定的运动计划（如有氧运动）不能使整个身体参与，或者被认为太耗时（如每周150分钟），导致较低的依从性。各种高强度健身计划的方法成功动员以前久坐不动的人在一个有效的时间方式；然而，仍然不能吸收更多的骨骼肌。我们利用家庭高强度体重循环训练（HIBC）计划的初步数据表明，1)T2DM患者在16周的时间内每周累计40分钟可以安全地进行，2)该计划有益于空腹血糖、HbA1c、胆固醇、葡萄糖耐量和瘦体重。HIBC是一种基于家庭的干预，包括在规定的时间内（例如5-10分钟）完成尽可能多的循环训练，包括改良深蹲（重复10次）、改良排（重复5次）、仰卧起坐（10次）和改良俯卧撑（5次）。我们的长期目标是为2型糖尿病患者提供一种更有效率、更有效的运动干预，并在现有的运动指南和建议的基础上进行扩展。为了实现这些目标，我们将追求以下两个具体目标：目标1)确定一种新的HIBC训练计划对代谢生物标志物、身体成分和整体健康的影响。目的2)比较和对比HIBC干预与传统运动干预（TEI）的结果测量。该研究将招募82名新近诊断为2型糖尿病的中年人，并将他们分为两个治疗组：HIBC （n=41）和TEI (n=41)，获得基线代谢、身体成分和健康测量，然后进行16周的在家训练，然后获得后期测量。在完成本研究后，我们的预期结果是确定HIBC干预代谢谱、身体成分和健康指标的可行性和有效性。此外，我们也期望HIBC能带来与TEI相似，甚至更大的改善。本研究结果可能为成人T2DM患者的心脏代谢疾病管理提供有效和有吸引力的运动干预，并具有重要的临床和公共卫生应用。

Type II diabetes (T2DM) is a progressive disease that is considered a health pandemic in industrialized nations. Untreated, this disease is associated with several untoward conditions (e.g., cardiovascular, neural, renal, etc.) that worsen with both age and physical inactivity. Pragmatic, cost effective, countermeasures to treat T2DM and slow its progression are urgently needed. Exercise is one such intervention that has been proven to be a successful in treating persons with T2DM; however, commonly prescribed exercise programs (e.g. aerobic activity) fail to incorporate the whole body, or are viewed as too time-consuming (e.g.150-minutes per week) resulting in lower adherence. A variety of high-intensity fitness programs approaches successfully mobilize previously sedentary individuals in a time-efficient fashion; however still fail to incorporate greater quantities of skeletal muscle. Our preliminary data utilizing an at home high intensity bodyweight circuit training (HIBC) program indicate that 1) an accumulated 40-minutes per week of over a 16-week period can be safely undertaken by those with T2DM, and 2) the program benefits fasting glucose, HbA1c, cholesterol, glucose tolerance and lean mass. The HIBC is a home-based intervention that consists of completing as many rounds of the circuit of modified squats (10 repetitions), modified rows (5 repetitions), crunches (10), and modified push- ups (5) over the allotted time (e.g., 5-10minutes). Our long-term goal is to provide a more time- efficient, and effective exercise intervention for persons with T2DM and expand upon the current exercise guidelines and recommendations. In order to achieve these objectives, we will pursue the following two specific aims: Aim 1) Identify the influence of a novel HIBC training program on metabolic biomarkers, body composition, and overall fitness. Aim 2) To compare and contrast the outcome measures of the HIBC intervention to that of a traditional exercise intervention (TEI). The proposed research study will approach these aims by recruiting 82 recently diagnosed middle aged adults with T2DM and divide them into two treatment groups: HIBC (n=41) and TEI (n=41), obtain baseline metabolic, body composition, and fitness measures, then undergo 16-weeks of at home training, then obtain post measures. Upon completion of the proposed research, our expected outcomes are to have determined the feasibility and effectiveness of the HIBC intervention on the metabolic profile, body composition, and fitness markers. Additionally, we also expect HIBC to result in similar, if not greater improvements than those of TEI. Results of this study may provide an effective and appealing exercise intervention for cardiometabolic disease management in adults with T2DM, and have significant clinical and public health applications.