Mechanisms of B cell responses to particulate antigens

项目摘要 B细胞对颗粒抗原应答的机制 大多数动物病毒共有的两个生物物理属性是在某些条件下显示病毒特异性蛋白质， 单个病毒体表面上的密度和病毒体内部病毒基因组的封装。阈值 病毒表面蛋白的密度对于确保宿主细胞的有效病毒感染是重要的。视角下 病毒表面蛋白的阈值密度对于种系B的识别也是至关重要的 细胞的有效安装的体液反应。包封的遗传物质还可以刺激B细胞 通过Toll样受体单分子水平的实质性机制研究和肝细胞成像 细胞已经揭示了B细胞对抗原密度的敏感性。然而，在机械层面上， B细胞如何识别和响应个体以及集体， 病毒的属性，包括蛋白质和内部核酸的空间密度。该项目旨在 阐明B细胞对体内和体外病毒特征应答的细胞和分子机制， 使用我们最近开发的新一代模型颗粒抗原。的成功 一个项目将产生新的和重要的机制信息，B细胞如何识别颗粒抗原类似 并揭示了B细胞对生物物理特征识别的功能结果 这些抗原。

PROJECT SUMMARY Mechanisms of B cell responses to particulate antigens Two biophysical attributes shared by most animal viruses are the display of viral-specific proteins at certain densities on the surface of individual virions and the encapsulation of viral genome inside the virion. A threshold density of viral surface proteins is important to ensure efficient viral infection of host cells. From the perspective of the host, a threshold density of viral surface proteins may also be critical for the recognition by germline B cells for efficient mounting of humoral responses. The encapsulated genetic material may also stimulate B cells through the Toll-like receptors. Substantial mechanistic studies at the single-molecule level and imaging of live cells have revealed the sensitivity of B cells to the density of antigens. However, at the mechanistic level, it remains largely uncharacterized how B cells may recognize and respond to the individual as well as collective attributes of a virus, including the spatial density of proteins and the internal nucleic acids. This project aims to unravel the cellular and molecular mechanisms of B cell responses to viral features both in vivo and in vitro, using a new generation of model particulate antigens that we have recently developed. The success of this project will yield new and important mechanistic information on how B cells recognize particulate antigens similar to viruses, and reveal the functional outcomes of B cells in response to the recognition of the biophysical features of these antigens.