Optimal Outcomes in ASD: Adult Functioning, Predictors, and Mechanisms

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的最佳结果：成人功能、预测因子和机制

• 批准号: 10308078
• 负责人: Inge-Marie Eigsti
• 金额: $ 63.12万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10308078
• 关键词: 18 year old; 21 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Age; Anxiety; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Brain; Brain region; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Cohort Studies; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Dorsal; Early Diagnosis; Early identification; Employment; Face; Financial compensation; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Gender; Gold; Grant; Homologous Gene; Image; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Language; Lead; Left; Life; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Motor; Network-based; Occupational; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Participant; Personality; Phobias; Prospective Studies; Research; Residual state; Rest; Risk; Seeds; Social Functioning; Specific qualifier value; Symptoms; System; Task Performances; Teenagers; Testing; Time Study; Work; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; base; cognitive control; cohort; comorbidity; early childhood; early onset; executive function; experience; follow-up; functional outcomes; graph theory; higher education; information processing; language impairment; language outcome; language processing; lexical; neural circuit; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; peer; prospective; recruit; relating to nervous system; repetitive behavior; research study; segregation; skills; social; social communication; syntax; young adult

Some individuals meet gold-standard clinical criteria for ASD prior to age 5 but end up later in development with no symptoms of ASD, and IQ and adaptive skills in the average range. This study evaluates this “optimal outcome” (OO) in two groups: (1) those who participated in our OO research study as teens, now young adults, allowing us to evaluate how they navigate the difficult transition into independence and young adulthood; and (2) those who were diagnosed by us with ASD at age two and re-evaluated at age four, now in their teens, allowing us to identify which of this cohort has achieved optimal outcome, and thus to identify early predictors of OO. Both cohorts are compared to age-, gender-, and NVIQ-matched individuals with current ASD and with typical development (TD). We hypothesize that the young adults with OO will experience mild delays in adult milestones such as finishing higher education and obtaining competitive employment, along with greater anxiety, especially simple phobias, and ADHD symptoms. We also hypothesize that early childhood predictors of OO will be milder social impairment, higher adaptive skills in social, communication, and motor domains, and fewer repetitive behaviors. We employ fMRI in the second cohort (n=50 per study group, total n=150) to measure the functional connectivity networks that are involved in social and language tasks, and that are observed during resting state, to investigate how neural mechanisms relate to the dramatic symptom change observed in OO. Drawing on prior imaging research, we hypothesize that, compared to both ASD and TD, the OO group will show compensatory (atypical) connectivity of extra-modular prefrontal cognitive control networks and right hemisphere homologues of left-hemisphere language regions during language and social processing and during resting state.

有些人在 5 岁之前就达到了 ASD 的黄金标准临床标准，但最终发育较晚 没有 ASD 症状，智商和适应能力处于平均范围。本研究评估了这种“最佳 结果”（OO）分为两组：（1）那些在青少年时期参加我们的 OO 研究的人，现在是年轻人， 让我们能够评估他们如何度过向独立和年轻成年的艰难过渡； (2) 那些在两岁时被我们诊断为自闭症谱系障碍并在四岁时重新评估的人，现在已经十几岁了， 使我们能够确定该队列中的哪一个已经取得了最佳结果，从而尽早确定 OO 的预测因子。将这两个队列与年龄、性别和 NVIQ 匹配的个体进行比较。 ASD 和典型发育 (TD)。我们假设患有 OO 的年轻人会经历轻度 成人里程碑的延迟，例如完成高等教育和获得有竞争力的就业，以及 具有更大的焦虑，尤其是简单的恐惧症和多动症症状。我们还假设早期 OO 的儿童期预测因素将是较轻微的社交障碍、较高的社交、沟通、 和运动领域，以及更少的重复行为。我们在第二组中采用了功能磁共振成像（每项研究 n=50） 组，总数 n=150）来测量涉及社交和语言的功能连接网络 任务，并在静息状态下观察，以研究神经机制如何与 OO 中观察到显着的症状变化。根据先前的成像研究，我们假设， 与 ASD 和 TD 相比，OO 组将显示模块外的补偿性（非典型）连接性 前额认知控制网络和左半球语言区域的右半球同源物 在语言和社会处理期间以及休息状态期间。

项目成果

Verbal mediation of theory of mind in verbal adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.

• DOI: 10.1080/10489223.2021.1877705
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Language acquisition
• 影响因子: 1.2
• 作者: Eigsti IM;Irvine CA
• 通讯作者: Irvine CA

Neurodiversity and Early Autism.

• DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.4141
• 发表时间: 2022-12-01
• 期刊: JAMA pediatrics
• 影响因子: 26.1

Immersive and maladaptive daydreaming and divergent thinking in autism spectrum disorders.

自闭症谱系障碍中的沉浸式和适应不良的白日梦和发散性思维。

• DOI: 10.1177/02762366221129819
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Imagination, cognition and personality
• 作者: West,MelinaJ;Somer,Eli;Eigsti,Inge-Marie
• 通讯作者: Eigsti,Inge-Marie

Incorporating Dis/ability Studies and Critical Race Theory to combat systematic exclusion of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color in clinical neuroscience.

• DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.988092
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: Girolamo, Teresa;Parker, Termara C.;Eigsti, Inge-Marie
• 通讯作者: Eigsti, Inge-Marie

Structural language impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorder versus Loss of Autism Diagnosis: Behavioral and neural characteristics.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103043
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Larson, Caroline;Rivera-Figueroa, Karla;Thomas, Hannah R.;Fein, Deborah;Stevens, Michael C.;Eigsti, Inge-Marie
• 通讯作者: Eigsti, Inge-Marie