Differential contributions of domain-general cerebellar timing mechanisms to temporal deficits in ataxic dysarthria

一般领域小脑计时机制对共济失调构音障碍的时间缺陷的不同贡献

• 批准号: 10313823
• 负责人: Robin Karlin
• 金额: $ 6.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-06-01 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10313823
• 关键词: Acceleration; Affect; Auditory; Behavior; Categories; Cerebellar Ataxia; Cerebellar degeneration; Cerebellum; Characteristics; Deceleration; Dependence; Development; Dysarthria; Ensure; Evaluation; Event; Evidence based treatment; Feedback; Future; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Language; Lead; Length; Linguistics; Link; Maintenance; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Motor; Movement; Online Systems; Outcome; Patients; Perception; Performance; Periodicity; Play; Population; Production; Quality of life; Role; Sensory; Severities; Speech; Speech Disorders; Speech Intelligibility; Stress; Symptoms; Synaptic Transmission; Testing; Time; Voice; auditory feedback; behavior measurement; cohort; experimental study; improved; lexical; motor disorder; motor symptom; phrases; physical state; sensory feedback; sound; targeted treatment; therapy development

Project Summary/Abstract Spoken language uses precise sub-second timing to mark phonemic contrasts, lexical stress differences, and phrasal boundaries, among other distinctions. Ataxic dysarthria is a speech motor disease caused by damage to or degeneration of the cerebellum and is linked to a variety of temporal deficits, including reduced contrast between temporal categories in speech and irregular speech rate and rhythm. These symptoms result in decreased speech naturalness and intelligibility, significantly impacting quality of life. While the temporal symptoms of ataxic dysarthria are well established, their underlying causes are poorly understood and there are currently no evidence-based treatments to improve speech intelligibility and naturalness in this population. The experiments in this proposal test how impairments to two domain-general functions of the cerebellum lead to specific subsets of temporal deficits in the speech of individuals with ataxic dysarthria. In the first aim, we test how damage to the domain-general timing function contributes to deficits in producing categorical temporal contrasts. The cerebellum is involved in the control of event timing, which deals with the duration of single even or multiple irregular events, but not in relative timing, which deals with the timing of multiple regular events. This leads to differential impairments in the perception and production of different types of timing tasks. We use a suite of perceptual and production tasks in both speech and non-speech domains to establish which aspects of speech timing are controlled by event timing. To test the hypothesis that the control of event timing largely affects categories but not prosodic characteristics, we also compare performance on these tasks with evaluations of rhythmic deficits in speech. In the second aim, we test how damage to the maintenance of forward models and consequent increased reliance on feedback lead to altered speech rhythm and overly variable segment durations. Speakers continuously monitor their own speech to ensure that they are accurately producing speech targets; individuals with cerebellar damage show increased dependence on temporally delayed feedback to correct ongoing movements, rather than relying on accurate forward models of production. We use two altered auditory feedback studies to test the temporal effects of perceived errors in vowel target attainment. We determine the extent to which reliance on feedback for spatial accuracy disturbs temporal accuracy. We also establish the relationship between the magnitude of temporal disturbances in these experiments and overall spatial and temporal inaccuracy in speech. The proposed studies will establish the respective contributions of domain-general timing impairments and changes in feedback use to temporal deficits in ataxic dysarthria. This is a critical first step towards the development of therapies that target the specific impairments that result in reduced naturalness and intelligibility in this population.

项目总结/摘要 口语使用精确的亚秒计时来标记音位对比，词汇重音差异， 和短语边界等区别。共济失调性构音障碍是一种言语运动疾病， 小脑的损伤或退化，并与各种暂时性缺陷有关，包括减少 言语中时间范畴的对比与不规则的语速和节奏。这些症状导致 语言自然度和清晰度下降，显著影响生活质量。虽然时间 共济失调性构音障碍的症状已经很好地确定，其根本原因知之甚少， 目前还没有循证治疗来提高这一人群的语音清晰度和自然度。 在这个提议中的实验测试了小脑的两个领域-一般功能的损伤如何 导致患有共济失调性构音障碍的个体的言语中的特定子集的时间缺陷。第一个目标，我们 测试域一般时序功能的损害如何导致产生分类时间的缺陷 对比。小脑参与事件计时的控制，它处理单个事件的持续时间。 或多个不规则事件，但不是在相对定时中，其处理多个规则事件的定时。这 导致不同类型的计时任务的感知和产生的差异性损伤。我们使用一个 一套感知和生产任务在语音和非语音领域，以建立哪些方面的 语音定时由事件定时控制。为了检验事件时间的控制在很大程度上影响 类别，但不是韵律特征，我们还比较了这些任务的性能与评估 说话时缺乏节奏感 在第二个目标，我们测试如何损害的维护，并随之增加的前瞻性模型 对反馈依赖导致改变的语音节奏和过度可变的段持续时间。发言者 持续监控自己的语音，以确保他们准确地产生语音目标; 小脑损伤的患者表现出对时间延迟反馈的依赖性增加， 运动，而不是依赖于精确的生产模型。我们使用两种不同的听觉反馈 研究，以测试时间的影响，感知错误的元音目标实现。我们决定的程度， 这种对空间精度反馈的依赖干扰了时间精度。我们还建立了 在这些实验中的时间干扰的大小和整体的空间和时间之间 言语不准确。 拟议的研究将确定域一般时序损伤和 共济失调性构音障碍患者对时间缺陷反馈使用的变化。这是迈向 开发针对导致自然度和可理解度降低的特定障碍的治疗方法 在这个人群中