MODELING THE IMPACT OF A POLICE EDUCATION PROGRAM ON HIV INCIDENCE AMONG PEOPLE WHO INJECT DRUGS

模拟警察教育计划对注射吸毒者艾滋病毒发病率的影响

• 批准号: 10318838
• 负责人: Javier Cepeda
• 金额: $ 18.82万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-01 至 2023-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10318838
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Area; Attitude; Award; Behavior; Cities; Collaborations; Cost Analysis; Cost Effectiveness Analysis; Country; Data; Education; Educational Intervention; Educational workshop; Environment; Epidemic; Ethics; Fellowship; Future; Goals; Government Officials; Guidelines; HIV; HIV risk; Harm Reduction; Imprisonment; Incidence; Individual; Injecting drug user; Intervention; Knowledge; Kyrgyzstan; Law Enforcement; Laws; Location; Manuscripts; Maps; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Mexico; Modeling; Needle-Exchange Programs; Needlestick Injuries; Occupational; Opioid replacement therapy; Outcome; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Police; Police officer; Population; Preparation; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Publishing; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Russia; Services; Structure; Substance abuse problem; Supervision; Syringes; Training; Ukraine; United States; Vulnerable Populations; Work; career; career development; cohort; cost; cost effective; cost effectiveness; design; disease transmission; economic cost; economic evaluation; experience; follow up assessment; health economics; improved; injection drug use; innovation; maltreatment; mathematical model; meetings; novel; novel strategies; prevention service; preventive intervention; programs; public health priorities; scale up; skill acquisition; skills; substance abuse epidemiology; substance use; theories; transmission process

Project summary/abstract Given the observed increased risk of HIV due to policing behaviors, a police education program (PEP) is being conducted in Tijuana, Mexico to protect police officers from occupational needlestick injuries while simultaneously harmonizing law enforcement and public health priorities. The long-term sustainability of this intervention is dependent upon whether it is cost-effective in terms of reducing HIV incidence. Indeed, structural interventions such as police education interventions may hold promise as novel strategies to reduce HIV transmission among people who inject drugs in many locations around the world where policing behavior contribute to HIV transmission. To evaluate the potential of PEPs on reducing HIV incidence, this mentored research scientist development award will focus on building dynamic cost-effectiveness and mathematical models to examine the impact of the PEP on the PWID population in Tijuana. The first aim is to model the cost-effectiveness of the police education program, including both individual and population prevention benefits on the HIV epidemic among PWID in Tijuana; the second aim is to model the potential impact of increased police referrals to harm reduction services (SEP and OST) on HIV incidence among PWID; and the third aim is to explore how increased police referral of PWID to SEP and OST services could improve the overall cost- effectiveness of the police education program. The candidate, Dr. Javier Cepeda, is well-qualified to conduct this research because of his strong background in quantitative methods and track record of producing high impact work. Over the 5 year award period, Dr. Cepeda will achieve the following career development objectives: 1) Acquire expertise in the principles of health economic evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis with an emphasis on HIV preventative interventions 2) Develop skills in mathematical modeling of infectious disease transmission with a focus on HIV epidemics among people who inject drugs 3) Acquire training in the design and implementation of theory-driven structural interventions focusing on HIV prevention in resource- limited settings 4) Obtain expertise in the ethical conduct of research pertaining to structural HIV prevention interventions among vulnerable populations in resource limited settings 5) Expand professional development skills in preparation for a successful academic career by developing grantsmanship, publishing manuscripts, and future scientific collaborations To accomplish these training aims, he has assembled an outstanding team of mentors with expertise in HIV, substance abuse, epidemiology, mathematical modeling, cost-effectiveness and design of HIV prevention interventions. Under their supervision, he will complete coursework and attend workshops, scientific meetings, and conduct research to apply the skills to become an independent researcher in HIV, substance abuse, mathematical modeling leading to independence. These training and research aims are inline with the Office of AIDS Research high priority topics: “Reducing Incidence of HIV/AIDS” and “Research Training of the workforce required to conduct High Priority HIV/AIDS or HIV/AIDS-related research”.

项目摘要/摘要 鉴于由于政策行为而观察到的艾滋病毒风险增加，警察教育计划（PEP）正在 在墨西哥蒂华纳进行，以保护警察免受占领的针刺伤害 同样地协调执法和公共卫生的重点。长期可持续性 干预取决于它在减少艾滋病毒事件方面是否具有成本效益。的确， 诸如警察教育干预措施之类的结构性干预措施可能有望作为减少的新策略 在世界各地的许多地方注入毒品的人之间的艾滋病毒传播 有助于HIV传播。为了评估PEP在减少HIV事件上的潜力，这很重要 研究科学家发展奖将着重于建立动态成本效益和数学 检查PEP对蒂华纳PWID人群的影响的模型。第一个目的是建模 警察教育计划的成本效益，包括个人和人口预防福利 在蒂华纳的PWID中的艾滋病毒流行；第二个目的是建模增加的潜在影响 警方将有关PWID之间的艾滋病毒事件造成伤害减少服务（SEP和OST）；第三个目标是 为了探索警察向PWID提高到SEP和OST服务如何提高整体成本 - 警察教育计划的有效性。候选人Javier Cepeda博士有资格地进行 这项研究是因为他在定量方法方面具有强大的背景和产生高的记录 影响工作。在5年的奖项期间，Cepeda博士将实现以下职业发展 目标：1）获得健康经济评估和成本效益分析原则的专业知识 重点是HIV预防干预措施2）发展传染性的数学建模技能 疾病传播，重点是注射药物的人中的艾滋病毒发作3）接受培训 理论驱动的结构干预措施的设计和实施，重点是预防资源中的艾滋病毒 - 有限的设置4）获得与预防结构HIV有关的研究道德行为的专业知识 资源有限设置中脆弱人群之间的干预措施5）扩大专业发展 通过发展授予技巧，出版手稿，为成功的学术职业做准备的技能 以及未来的科学合作，以实现这些培训目标，他组建了一支杰出的团队 具有艾滋病毒，药物滥用，流行病学，数学建模，成本效益方面的专业知识的导师 和艾滋病毒预防干预措施的设计。在他们的监督下，他将完成课程并参加 讲习班，科学会议和进行研究以运用技能，成为独立研究人员 在艾滋病毒中，滥用药物，数学建模导致独立性。这些培训和研究目的 与艾滋病研究办公室内联，优先主题：“降低艾滋病毒/艾滋病的发生率”和 “进行高优先级艾滋病毒/艾滋病或与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关的研究所需的劳动力研究培训”。