Modeling the Impact of a Police Education Program on HIV Incidence among People Who Inject Drugs

模拟警察教育计划对注射吸毒者艾滋病毒发病率的影响

• 批准号: 9271349
• 负责人: Javier Cepeda
• 金额: $ 18.82万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-02-15 至 2022-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9271349
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Area; Attitude; Award; Behavior; Cities; Collaborations; Cost Analysis; Cost Effectiveness Analysis; Country; Data; Education; Educational Intervention; Educational workshop; Environment; Epidemic; Ethics; Fellowship; Future; Goals; Government Officials; Guidelines; HIV; HIV risk; Harm Reduction; Imprisonment; Incidence; Individual; Injecting drug user; Intervention; Knowledge; Kyrgyzstan; Law Enforcement; Laws; Location; Manuscripts; Maps; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Mexico; Modeling; Needle-Exchange Programs; Needlestick Injuries; Occupational; Opioid Rotation; Outcome; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Police; Police officer; Population; Preparation; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Publishing; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Russia; Services; Substance abuse problem; Supervision; Syringes; Training; Ukraine; United States; Vulnerable Populations; Work; career; career development; cohort; cost; cost effective; cost effectiveness; design; disease transmission; economic cost; economic evaluation; experience; follow up assessment; health economics; improved; injection drug use; innovation; maltreatment; mathematical model; meetings; novel; novel strategies; prevention service; programs; public health priorities; scale up; skill acquisition; skills; substance abuse epidemiology; theories; transmission process

Project summary/abstract Given the observed increased risk of HIV due to policing behaviors, a police education program (PEP) is being conducted in Tijuana, Mexico to protect police officers from occupational needlestick injuries while simultaneously harmonizing law enforcement and public health priorities. The long-term sustainability of this intervention is dependent upon whether it is cost-effective in terms of reducing HIV incidence. Indeed, structural interventions such as police education interventions may hold promise as novel strategies to reduce HIV transmission among people who inject drugs in many locations around the world where policing behavior contribute to HIV transmission. To evaluate the potential of PEPs on reducing HIV incidence, this mentored research scientist development award will focus on building dynamic cost-effectiveness and mathematical models to examine the impact of the PEP on the PWID population in Tijuana. The first aim is to model the cost-effectiveness of the police education program, including both individual and population prevention benefits on the HIV epidemic among PWID in Tijuana; the second aim is to model the potential impact of increased police referrals to harm reduction services (SEP and OST) on HIV incidence among PWID; and the third aim is to explore how increased police referral of PWID to SEP and OST services could improve the overall cost- effectiveness of the police education program. The candidate, Dr. Javier Cepeda, is well-qualified to conduct this research because of his strong background in quantitative methods and track record of producing high impact work. Over the 5 year award period, Dr. Cepeda will achieve the following career development objectives: 1) Acquire expertise in the principles of health economic evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis with an emphasis on HIV preventative interventions 2) Develop skills in mathematical modeling of infectious disease transmission with a focus on HIV epidemics among people who inject drugs 3) Acquire training in the design and implementation of theory-driven structural interventions focusing on HIV prevention in resource- limited settings 4) Obtain expertise in the ethical conduct of research pertaining to structural HIV prevention interventions among vulnerable populations in resource limited settings 5) Expand professional development skills in preparation for a successful academic career by developing grantsmanship, publishing manuscripts, and future scientific collaborations To accomplish these training aims, he has assembled an outstanding team of mentors with expertise in HIV, substance abuse, epidemiology, mathematical modeling, cost-effectiveness and design of HIV prevention interventions. Under their supervision, he will complete coursework and attend workshops, scientific meetings, and conduct research to apply the skills to become an independent researcher in HIV, substance abuse, mathematical modeling leading to independence. These training and research aims are inline with the Office of AIDS Research high priority topics: “Reducing Incidence of HIV/AIDS” and “Research Training of the workforce required to conduct High Priority HIV/AIDS or HIV/AIDS-related research”.

项目摘要/摘要 鉴于观察到警察行为增加了感染艾滋病毒的风险，一项警察教育计划(PEP)正在进行中 在墨西哥蒂华纳进行，以保护警察免受职业性针刺伤害 同时协调执法和公共卫生优先事项。这是一种长期的可持续性 干预措施取决于它在降低艾滋病毒发病率方面是否具有成本效益。的确， 结构性干预措施，如警察教育干预措施，可能有望成为减少 HIV在世界各地许多地方注射毒品者中的传播，这些地方的警察行为 有助于艾滋病毒的传播。为了评估PEP在降低HIV发病率方面的潜力，这位导师 研究科学家发展奖将侧重于建立动态的成本效益和数学 研究PEP对提华纳PWID人口影响的模型。第一个目标是对 警察教育方案的成本效益，包括个人和人口预防效益 关于提华纳艾滋病患者中艾滋病毒流行情况的研究第二个目标是模拟艾滋病病毒感染增加的潜在影响 警方转介减少伤害服务(SEP和OST)，以了解残疾人士感染艾滋病毒的情况；第三个目标是 探讨增加警队转介威尔斯亲王医院至环境保护署和职业安全服务处的服务，可如何改善整体成本- 警察教育计划的有效性。候选人哈维尔·塞佩达博士完全有资格领导 这项研究是因为他在定量方法方面有很强的背景和生产高的记录 冲击力。在5年的获奖期内，Cepeda博士将实现以下职业发展 目标：1)掌握卫生经济评价和成本效益分析原则方面的专门知识 以艾滋病毒预防干预为重点2)培养传染病数学建模的技能 疾病传播，重点是艾滋病毒在注射吸毒者中的流行3)获得 设计和实施以理论为导向的结构性干预措施，重点是在资源-环境中预防艾滋病毒 有限的环境4)获得与结构性艾滋病毒预防有关的伦理研究方面的专门知识 在资源有限的情况下对弱势人群进行干预5)扩大专业发展 为成功的学术生涯做准备的技能，通过发展格兰特精神，出版手稿， 与未来的科学合作完成这些训练目标，他组建了一支优秀的团队 拥有艾滋病毒、药物滥用、流行病学、数学建模、成本效益等方面专业知识的导师 以及艾滋病毒预防干预措施的设计。在他们的监督下，他将完成课程作业并参加 研讨会、科学会议和进行研究，以应用成为独立研究人员的技能 在艾滋病毒，药物滥用，数学建模导致独立。这些培训和研究目标 符合艾滋病研究办公室的高度优先主题：“减少艾滋病毒/艾滋病发病率”和 “开展高度优先的艾滋病毒/艾滋病或与艾滋病毒/艾滋病有关的研究所需的工作人员的研究培训”。