Investigating Links Between Dysfunctional Parenting and Infant Brain Connectivity on Development of Effortful Control

研究功能失调的养育方式与婴儿大脑连通性与努力控制发展之间的联系

• 批准号: 10318654
• 负责人: Rachel Emma Lean
• 金额: $ 16.54万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-15 至 2025-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10318654
• 关键词: 2 year old; 3 year old; Address; Affect; Age; Anxiety; Attention; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Birth; Brain; Brain region; Caregivers; Child; Child Development; Child Psychiatry; Child Rearing; Childhood; Code; Cognitive deficits; Development; Diffusion; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Emotional; Environment; Evaluation; Foundations; Functional disorder; Goals; Impairment; Infant; Infant Behavior; Infant Development; Inferior; Informal Social Control; Institution; Intervention; Investigation; Lead; Life; Life Stress; Link; Longitudinal prospective study; MRI Scans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Methods; Mind; Mothers; Neuropsychology; Neurosciences Research; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Parietal; Perinatal; Poverty; Process; Protocols documentation; Psychologist; Psychopathology; Published Comment; Regulation; Research; Research Training; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Scanning; Scheme; School-Age Population; Shapes; Source; Standardization; Stress; Structure; Testing; Time; Training; base; behavioral response; caregiving; caregiving research; cohort; design; early childhood; follow-up; high risk infant; improved; infancy; innovation; maternal depression; mental state; multidisciplinary; neonate; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; novel; peripartum depression; preventive intervention; prospective; psychosocial; response; skills; white matter

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Deficits in effortful control (EC; top-down control of self-regulation involving inhibitory control and executive attention) represent a major transdiagnostic risk factor for multiple psychiatric disorders in childhood. Dysfunctional parenting is a strong predictor of impaired EC, making it a potent target for intervention. Dysfunctional parenting includes behavioral deficits in parenting sensitivity [timely and appropriate responses to changes in infant physical and emotional needs], along with cognitive deficits in maternal mind-mindedness [MMM; attunement to infant mental states that govern goal-directed behavior]. MMM may underlie parenting sensitivity, but prospective links remain unclear. MMM facilitates the transition from external caregiver-based regulation to self-regulation in early childhood by providing the foundation for intentional mental-state talk to regulate behavior. While adverse caregiving exposures have profound effects on brain structure, the extent that MMM impacts infant brain structural and functional connectivity in key brain regions underlying EC during periods of brain plasticity is unknown. This innovative proposal offers an unprecedented opportunity to address this scientific question with training at an institution rich with expertise in child psychiatry and neuroscience research. This K01 will chart the development of EC and related brain networks by leveraging a valuable captured infant cohort undergoing repeated diffusion (dMRI) and resting state functional (rsfMRI) MRI scans and developmental evaluations from birth to age 3 years. The applicant will add to the existing study a prospective observational assessment of MMM, a standardized test of infant executive attention, and examine connectivity in a unique set of white matter tracts. As the cohort is enriched for poverty, this study will examine novel links between maternal perinatal psychosocial risk (poverty, depression, anxiety, stress) and later MMM and parenting sensitivity, and the extent that that psychosocial risk indirectly influences EC via causally linked multiple mediators of MMM and infant brain connectivity. Findings will elucidate MMM as a modifiable factor that may increase parent sensitivity to enhance infant brain connectivity and EC to reduce psychopathology. [If MMM alters infant brain connectivity, findings will underscore infancy as a critical time for targeted preventative intervention before EC deficits emerge and lead to psychopathology; identify vulnerable infants who may benefit the most from intervention; and inform the design of novel MMM interventions to enhance infant brain function in networks most sensitive to parenting inputs and most related to EC.] This award will build upon the applicant's foundation in child development, school- age executive attention, and structural MRI by providing [new and more advanced training in the assessment of mother-infant interactions, the development of EC in infancy, and dMRI and rsfMRI methods.] The applicant will gain the skills needed to conduct longitudinal research on the caregiving and neurobiological mechanisms of child psychopathology. This K01 will facilitate an R01 proposal that will modify MMM in a parent-child intervention to alter risk trajectories linking poverty with aberrant brain connectivity and psychopathology into school-age.

项目概要/摘要 努力控制的缺陷（EC；自上而下的自我调节控制，涉及抑制控制和执行控制） 注意）是儿童期多种精神疾病的主要跨诊断危险因素。 功能失调的养育方式是 EC 受损的有力预测因素，使其成为干预的有效目标。 功能失调的养育方式包括养育敏感性的行为缺陷[及时和适当的反应] 婴儿身体和情感需求的变化]，以及母亲精神上的认知缺陷 [嗯；协调控制目标导向行为的婴儿心理状态]。 MMM 可能是养育子女的基础 敏感性，但前瞻性联系仍不清楚。 MMM 促进从基于外部护理人员的转变 通过为有意识的心理状态交谈提供基础来调节幼儿期的自我调节 规范行为。虽然不利的护理暴露会对大脑结构产生深远的影响，但影响程度 MMM 影响婴儿时期 EC 关键大脑区域的结构和功能连接 大脑可塑性的影响尚不清楚。这项创新提案为解决这一问题提供了前所未有的机会 在一个拥有丰富的儿童精神病学和神经科学研究专业知识的机构接受培训的科学问题。 K01 将利用捕获的有价值的婴儿来绘制 EC 和相关大脑网络的发育图 队列接受重复扩散 (dMRI) 和静息状态功能 (rsfMRI) MRI 扫描和发育 从出生到3岁的评估。申请人将在现有研究中添加前瞻性观察 MMM 评估（婴儿执行注意力的标准化测试），并检查独特集合中的连通性 的白质束。随着队列因贫困而丰富，这项研究将探讨母亲之间的新联系 围产期心理社会风险（贫困、抑郁、焦虑、压力）以及后来的 MMM 和育儿敏感性，以及 心理社会风险通过 MMM 和 MMM 等多种因果关系中介因素间接影响 EC 的程度 婴儿大脑连接。研究结果将阐明 MMM 是一个可改变的因素，可能会增加父母的敏感性 增强婴儿大脑连接和 EC，减少精神病理学。 [如果 MMM 改变了婴儿的大脑连接， 研究结果将强调婴儿期是在 EC 赤字出现之前进行有针对性的预防性干预的关键时期 并导致精神病理学；确定可能从干预中受益最大的弱势婴儿；并告知 设计新颖的 MMM 干预措施，以增强对养育最敏感的网络中的婴儿大脑功能 ] 该奖项将建立在申请人在儿童发展、学校- 年龄执行注意力和结构 MRI，通过提供[新的和更高级的培训来评估 母婴互动、婴儿期 EC 的发展以及 dMRI 和 rsfMRI 方法。] 申请人将 获得对护理和神经生物学机制进行纵向研究所需的技能 儿童精神病理学。该 K01 将促进 R01 提案，该提案将修改亲子干预中的 MMM 改变将贫困与学龄期大脑连接异常和精神病理学联系起来的风险轨迹。