The Noisy Life of the Musician: Implications for Healthy Brain Aging

音乐家的喧闹生活：对大脑健康老化的影响

• 批准号: 10346105
• 负责人: Erika E Skoe
• 金额: $ 32.54万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-05 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10346105
• 关键词: Accounting; Acoustics; Address; Adult; Age; Age Factors; Aging; Attention; Auditory; Auditory Evoked Potentials; Auditory Threshold; Benefits and Risks; Biometry; Brain; Childhood; Clinical; Cochlea; Communities; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology); Data; Ear; Elderly; Environment; Exposure to; Health Benefit; Health Hazards; Hearing; Human; Injury; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Life; Link; Literature; Loudness; Measures; Medial; Mediating; Methodology; Methods; Music; Neurosciences; Noise; Noise-Induced Hearing Loss; Outcome; Pilot Projects; Play; Prevention; Property; Publishing; Recommendation; Recurrence; Reflex action; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Selection Bias; Socioeconomic Status; Speech Perception; Structure; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Training; Work; age related; aging brain; clinically significant; college; design; dosimetry; functional decline; hazard; healthy aging; hearing loss risk; improved; innovation; instrument; middle age; multidisciplinary; musician; neural circuit; noise exposure; normal hearing; novel; novel strategies; preservation; protective effect; relating to nervous system; sound; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Playing a musical instrument is a popular childhood and adult activity with documented health benefits. One of the most provocative, but least understood, proposed health benefits is preserved brain function in advanced age. Playing a musical instrument, however, can also pose significant health hazards, including those that come from routine exposure to noisy (loud) environments. Beyond the risks of hearing loss from loud environments, noise exposure is a significant risk factor for age-related functional declines. While both the benefits and risks of musical training have been widely studied, little attention has been given to their interplay. To understand the mechanisms that mediate the effects of musical training on the human brain, we must develop a more complete accounting of the risk factors that could counteract the benefits of musical training and the degree to which benefits persist in the face of these risks. To more fully harness the therapeutic benefits of music, we also need a better account of whether the benefits persist after a musician stops playing their instrument. These knowledge gaps motivate the proposed work on auditory brain aging, in which lifelong musicians will be compared to controls and to ex-musicians who have not played a musical instrument since childhood. The proposed work is grounded in our published studies of auditory brain aging, and our published and pilot studies on the interplay of musical training and noise exposure on the young adult auditory brain. The proposed work aims (1) to characterize current and lifetime noise exposure from music and non-music activities, (2) to investigate relations among lifelong musical training, lifetime noise exposure, and auditory-brain aging, and (3) to investigate relations between childhood musical training and later-life auditory-brain function. For all three aims, young adults (18- 24 years) will be compared to middle-aged adults (45-60 years). We hypothesize that music, as a form of acoustic enrichment and training, may mitigate the impact of noise injuries and age-related decline by strengthening the neural systems most vulnerable to being compromised. Our methodological approach is innovative, comprehensive, and corroborated by our prior work. We will use a novel combination of personal sound dosimetry and structured interviews to characterize the risk of noise injury. Noise exposure data will be combined with validated methods to study auditory brain aging across multiple neural circuits, using a statistical design that accounts for selection bias and confounding variables such as socioeconomic status and cochlear function. Most studies of human auditory aging focus on older adults (60+ years), with less attention on studying early-stage aging when opportunities for the prevention of functional decline are greater. This motivates our decision to focus on early-stage aging. The outcomes of this work may suggest new approaches to promote healthy brain aging and clinical recommendations about harnessing the therapeutic properties of music training to maximize benefits and minimize hazards. Our multidisciplinary study team has complementary expertise in auditory neuroscience (Skoe), noise exposure (Tufts), biostatistics (Harel), and aging (Kuchel).

项目概要 演奏乐器是一项流行的儿童和成人活动，有记录表明对健康有益。之一 最令人兴奋但最不被理解的健康益处是在先进的情况下保留大脑功能 年龄。然而，演奏乐器也会造成严重的健康危害，包括那些 避免日常暴露在嘈杂（大声）的环境中。除了嘈杂环境造成听力损失的风险之外， 噪音暴露是与年龄相关的功能衰退的一个重要风险因素。虽然好处和风险并存 音乐训练的相关性已被广泛研究，但很少有人关注它们之间的相互作用。要了解 调节音乐训练对人脑影响的机制，我们必须开发更完整的机制 考虑可能抵消音乐训练益处的风险因素以及影响程度 面对这些风险，好处仍然存在。为了更充分地利用音乐的治疗功效，我们还需要 更好地说明音乐家停止演奏乐器后这些好处是否仍然存在。这些知识 差距激发了关于听觉大脑老化的拟议工作，其中将终身音乐家与对照组进行比较 以及从小就没有演奏过乐器的前音乐家。拟议的工作是有根据的 在我们发表的关于听觉大脑老化的研究，以及我们发表的关于音乐相互作用的试点研究中 对年轻人听觉大脑的训练和噪音暴露。拟议的工作目标 (1) 表征 当前和一生中音乐和非音乐活动的噪声暴露，(2) 调查之间的关系 终生音乐训练、终生噪声暴露和听觉-大脑老化，以及（3）研究关系 童年音乐训练和以后的听觉大脑功能之间的关系。为了实现这三个目标，年轻人（18- 24岁）将与中年人（45-60岁）进行比较。我们假设音乐作为一种声学形式 丰富和培训，可以通过加强 神经系统最容易受到损害。我们的方法论是创新的， 全面，并得到我们之前工作的证实。我们将使用个人声音的新颖组合 剂量测定和结构化访谈来表征噪声伤害的风险。噪声暴露数据将被合并 通过经过验证的方法来研究跨多个神经回路的听觉大脑老化，使用统计设计 考虑了选择偏差和社会经济地位和耳蜗功能等混杂变量。最多 人类听觉老化的研究主要集中在老年人（60岁以上），较少关注早期阶段的研究 当衰老时，预防功能衰退的机会更大。这促使我们决定 关注早期衰老。这项工作的结果可能会提出促进大脑健康的新方法 关于利用音乐训练的治疗特性最大化衰老和临床建议 的好处并最大限度地减少危险。我们的多学科研究团队在听觉方面拥有互补的专业知识 神经科学（斯科伊）、噪音暴露（塔夫茨）、生物统计学（哈雷尔）和衰老（库切尔）。