The Role of Motor Cortex Output Circuits in Stroke Recovery

运动皮层输出电路在中风恢复中的作用

• 批准号: 10363334
• 负责人: Takashi Sato
• 金额: $ 41.48万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-29 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10363334
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Area; Behavior; Biological Models; Brain; Calcium; Chemicals; Consensus; Data; Exhibits; Foundations; Future; Head; Image; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Investigation; Ipsilateral; Jaw; Label; Left; Mediating; Monitor; Motor Cortex; Mus; Neurons; Optics; Output; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Play; Process; Proteins; Quality of life; Recovery; Recovery of Function; Research Personnel; Role; Site; Spinal Cord; Stroke; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Work; disability; experimental study; frontal lobe; improved; in vivo two-photon imaging; innovation; motor recovery; neural circuit; neuroregulation; optogenetics; post stroke; selective expression; stroke recovery; tool; two-photon

Project Summary Stroke is one of the leading causes of adult disability. The recovery following stroke improves the patients’ long-term quality of life, but the underlying circuit mechanisms are not clear. Previous work has shown that recovery depends on undamaged brain areas, but the precise roles of the contralesional hemisphere in the recovery has been controversial: some claim that it facilitates the recovery, whereas others propose that it hampers the recovery. The lack of a consensus could be due to the lack of circuit-level analysis. The past studies treated contralesional hemisphere as a single functional unit, despite that it consists of multiple groups of neurons that project to distinct brain areas. Current proposal will test the hypothesis that cortico-spinal neurons and callosal neurons in the contralesional hemisphere have different roles in the functional recovery. In Aim 1, we will monitor longitudinally the activity of cortico- spinal neurons and callosal neurons during functional recovery. We predict that cortico-spinal neurons will show increased activity following the recovery, whereas callosal neurons do not. In Aim 2, we will examine the effect of stimulating cortico-spinal neurons and callosal neurons. We predict that activation of cortico-spinal neurons will facilitate the recovery but activation of callosal neurons will not. The current proposal will unravel the role of contralesional hemisphere at the level of neural circuits, which will advance our mechanistic understanding of recovery from stroke.

项目摘要 中风是成人残疾的主要原因之一。中风后的恢复有所改善 患者的长期生活质量，但底层电路机制尚不清楚。 先前的工作表明，恢复取决于未切开的大脑区域，但是精度 对比半球在恢复中的作用是有争议的：有些人声称 促进了恢复，而其他提议则妨碍了恢复。缺乏 共识可能是由于缺乏电路级分析。过去的研究治疗了 对比半球作为单个功能单元，其由多组组成的目的地 将投射到不同大脑区域的神经元的神经元。当前的提议将检验以下假设 在对比半球中的皮质脊髓神经元和callosal神经元不同 在功能恢复中的作用。在AIM 1中，我们将纵向监测皮质的活性 功能恢复过程中的脊柱神经元和callos神经元。我们预测Cortico spinal 恢复后神经元将显示活动的增加，而Callosal神经元则不会显示。在 AIM 2，我们将检查刺激皮质脊髓神经元和callosal神经元的效果。我们 预测皮质脊髓神经元的激活将促进恢复但激活 Callosal神经元不会。当前的提议将揭示对比半球的作用 在神经回路的水平上，这将提高我们对恢复的机械理解 从中风。