Cyclical Alterations In Neurocognitive Performance And Mood Over Two Years In Relation To Pesticide Spray Seasons Among Adolescent And Young Adult Participants Of The Espina Study.

Espina 研究的青少年和年轻人参与者两年内与农药喷洒季节相关的神经认知表现和情绪的周期性变化。

• 批准号: 10367408
• 负责人: Raeanne Cristine Moore
• 金额: $ 57.56万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10367408
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Acetylcholinesterase; Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Affect; Age; Aggressive behavior; Agriculture; Agrochemicals; Americas; Anxiety; Assessment tool; Attention; Biological Markers; Blood; Brain; COVID-19; California; Carbamates; Cellular Phone; Child; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; County; Development Plans; Disease; Economics; Ecuador; Ecuadorian; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Health; Environmental Pollution; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Flowers; Funding; Future; Health; Health Technology; Immunoglobulin G; Impulsivity; Industry; Insecticides; Knowledge; Link; Measures; Memory; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Moods; Natural experiment; Neurocognitive; Neurodevelopmental Disability; Nutritional; Organophosphates; Outcome; Participant; Performance; Periodicity; Persons; Pesticides; Population; Process; Prospective cohort study; Psyche structure; Public Health; Reaction Time; Research; Risk Assessment; Sampling; Schedule; Seasons; Short-Term Memory; Standardization; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; Toxicology; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Work; Youth; aged; agricultural community; agricultural pesticide; base; brain health; cholinergic; cognitive change; cognitive performance; cognitive testing; cohort; community based participatory research; depressive symptoms; design; disability; externalizing behavior; follow-up; girls; health assessment; human data; improved; individual variation; mHealth; mood regulation; neurobehavior; neurobehavioral; neurotoxic; novel; pesticide exposure; processing speed; prospective; psychosocial; psychosocial stressors; pyrethroid; sex; smartphone based assessment; stressor; toxic organophosphate insecticide exposure; urinary; young adult

Today, 20% of adolescents and 26% of young adults have a diagnosable internalizing (e.g. anxiety, depression) or externalizing problem (e.g. impulsivity, aggression, conduct disorders). Neurodevelopmental disabilities and mental health disorders in adolescents and young adults have increased over the last two decades worldwide, and environmental contaminants may explain a part of this increase. The most used insecticides worldwide include organophosphates (OPs: inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)), pyrethroids and neonicotinoids. Toxicological and epidemiological evidence links OP exposure with altered neurocognitive performance. Additionally, a small number of studies have described associations with internalizing symptoms and some externalizing behaviors (i.e. low inhibitory control). It is plausible neonicotinoids may also affect brain processes as they share some toxicological mechanisms like OPs and emerging findings indicate pyrethroids may affect brain processes and neurobehavior. Further, emerging studies suggest that pesticides may transiently affect cognitive performance and mood. Assessing transient health outcomes is complex, which has led to limited knowledge on this field. We propose a renewal of our 2016 study of adolescents and young adults (ages 18-23 years in 2022, n≈554) and builds on the planned 2022 follow-up exam of the NIH-funded Study of Secondary Pesticide Exposures among Children and Adolescents (ESPINA). The proposed study incorporates a novel mobile health assessment tool to evaluate the real-world neurotoxic effects of pesticides. ESPINA is a study established in 2008 of participants residing in Pedro Moncayo, Ecuador, a county with one of the highest concentrations of flower plantations in the Americas. Leveraging our smartphone-based ecological momentary cognitive testing (EMCT) platform, we will assess whether recurring and seasonal pesticide exposures in adolescence and young adulthood affect cognition and mental health. Using a burst sampling design 5 times/year for 2 years during high- and low-pesticide spray seasons, we will test the hypotheses: 1) pesticide spray seasons are associated with cyclical alterations in internalizing symptoms, externalizing behaviors, and cognitive performance assessed using EMCT; 2) pesticide exposures (AChE inhibition and OP and pyrethroid urinary pesticide metabolites) assessed during 5 agricultural periods are related to elevated depressive and externalizing symptoms, and decreased cognitive performance assessed using EMCT; 3) Urinary pesticide metabolites (OP, neonicotinoids, pyrethroids) are associated with increased mental health symptoms from 2016 to 2022 when all participants were adolescents, and whether age, sex and COVID-19-related factors (e.g., exposure; psychosocial stressors) modify the associations between environmental exposures and mental health. Identifying cognitive and mental health sequelae related to agricultural pesticide spray seasons on people living in agricultural settings will advance this understudied field of research and has significant implications for public health.

如今，20% 的青少年和 26% 的年轻人有可诊断的内化症状（例如焦虑、抑郁） 或外化问题（例如冲动、攻击性、品行障碍）。神经发育障碍和 过去二十年来，全世界青少年和年轻人的精神健康障碍有所增加， 环境污染物可能是造成这一增长的部分原因。全球使用最广泛的杀虫剂 包括有机磷酸酯（OP：乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 抑制剂）、拟除虫菊酯和新烟碱类杀虫剂。 毒理学和流行病学证据表明，OP 暴露与神经认知功能改变有关。 此外，少数研究描述了与内化症状和一些症状的关联。 外化行为（即低抑制控制）。新烟碱类药物也可能影响大脑，这似乎是合理的 过程，因为它们具有一些毒理学机制，例如有机磷农药，并且新发现表明拟除虫菊酯 可能会影响大脑过程和神经行为。此外，新出现的研究表明，农药可能 短暂地影响认知表现和情绪。评估短暂的健康结果很复杂， 导致对该领域的了解有限。我们建议更新 2016 年青少年和年轻人的研究 （2022 年年龄为 18-23 岁，n≈554）并以 NIH 资助的研究的计划 2022 年后续考试为基础 儿童和青少年二次农药接触 (ESPINA)。拟议的研究包括 新型移动健康评估工具，用于评估农药对现实世界神经毒性的影响。 ESPINA 是一个 2008 年对居住在厄瓜多尔佩德罗蒙卡约的参与者进行了一项研究，该县是厄瓜多尔人口密度最高的县之一。 美洲花卉种植园的集中地。利用我们基于智能手机的生态瞬间 认知测试（EMCT）平台，我们将评估是否经常性和季节性农药暴露 青春期和成年早期影响认知和心理健康。使用突发采样设计 5 每年 2 次/年，在高农药喷洒季节和低农药喷洒季节，我们将检验假设：1) 农药 喷雾季节与内化症状、外化行为和 使用 EMCT 评估认知表现； 2) 农药暴露（AChE 抑制以及 OP 和拟除虫菊酯 在 5 个农业时期评估的尿液农药代谢物与抑郁和抑郁程度升高有关 使用 EMCT 评估外化症状和认知能力下降； 3）尿类农药 代谢物（OP、新烟碱类、拟除虫菊酯）与精神健康症状的增加有关 2016 年至 2022 年，所有参与者均为青少年，以及年龄、性别和 COVID-19 相关因素（例如， 接触;社会心理压力源）改变环境暴露与心理之间的关联 健康。识别与农业农药喷洒季节相关的认知和心理健康后遗症 生活在农业环境中的人们将推动这一尚未充分研究的研究领域的发展，并具有重大意义 对公共卫生的影响。