Collaborative Research on Influenza, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and Other Respiratory Pathogens in South Africa

南非流感、2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 和其他呼吸道病原体的合作研究

• 批准号: 10369115
• 负责人: Cheryl Cohen
• 金额: $ 110万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL HEALTH LABORATORY SERVICE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10369115
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Influenza; Coronavirus; Disease

PROJECT SUMMARY This project aims to generate a body of data that will assist in formulating appropriate policies for the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with influenza Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) and other respiratory pathogens in South Africa. Specifically we aim to perform influenza virus hemagglutination inhibition (HI) testing of serum samples already collected from PHIRST-C participants in a rural and an urban site and from HUTS participants in 2 key communities before and after the 2021 influenza season to determine rates of recent influenza infection. We also aim to characterize healthcare seeking behavior for respiratory illness during the influenza season in the year following the South African COVID-19 epidemic first and second waves through a survey conducted following the influenza season and compare healthcare seeking behavior for respiratory illness to a survey conducted before the 2021 influenza season and assess the impact of different factors on healthcare seeking behavior. We aim to describe the prevalence of MTB-SARS-CoV-2 coinfection and the impact of coinfection on clinical presentation and outcomes in patients presenting with ILI or suspected COVID-19 at ILI surveillance sites or patients admitted with SRI at pneumonia surveillance sites in South Africa. We aim to pilot the implementation of laboratory-confirmed influenza surveillance among individuals participating to the CoughWatchSA participatory digital surveillance platform, compare influenza virus circulation as detected in facility-based surveillance and through the CoughWatchSA platform and to evaluate concordance between self-reported ARI on the CoughWatchSA platform and laboratory-confirmed infection with influenza. This will be achieved through testing of collected serum samples for the presence of anti-influenza antibodies using HI assay, performing a survey of healthcare utilization and serosurvey at two sites in South Africa and implementation of systematic Mycobacterium tuberculosis testing of all participants enrolled in existing pneumonia and influenza-like illness surveillance programmes. Lastly we will pilot self- swabbing of individuals participating in the Coughwatch app for syndromic influenza surveillance.

项目摘要 该项目的目的是生成一套数据，以协助制定适当的政策， 降低与2019年新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）相关的发病率和死亡率， 南非的其他呼吸道病原体。具体来说，我们的目标是执行流感病毒 已从PHIRST-C采集的血清样本的血凝抑制（HI）检测 参与者在农村和城市的网站和住房参与者在2个关键社区之前， 在2021年流感季节之后，确定近期流感感染率。我们还旨在 描述一年中流感季节呼吸道疾病的就医行为 在南非COVID-19疫情第一波和第二波之后，通过一项调查， 在流感季节之后，将呼吸道疾病的就医行为与 在2021年流感季节前进行的调查，并评估不同因素对 寻求健康的行为。我们的目的是描述结核分枝杆菌-SARS-CoV-2合并感染的患病率， 合并感染对ILI患者临床表现和结局的影响，或 ILI监测点的疑似COVID-19或肺炎监测中的SRI患者 在南非的网站。我们的目标是试点实施实验室确认的流感 参与CoughWatchSA参与式数字监测的个体间监测 平台，比较在设施监测中检测到的流感病毒传播情况， CoughWatchSA平台，并评价 CoughWatchSA平台和实验室确认的流感感染。完成这项工作的方法是 通过使用HI检测采集的血清样本中是否存在抗流感抗体， 检测，在南非的两个地点进行医疗保健利用调查和血清调查， 对所有参与者进行系统的结核分枝杆菌检测， 现有的肺炎和流感样疾病监测计划。最后，我们将自我驾驶- 对参与Coughwatch应用程序的个体进行拭子，以进行流感综合征监测。