Anxious Solitary Youth Come of Age: Interpersonal Processes Link Youth Trajectories to Adjustment in Young Adulthood

项目摘要/摘要 焦虑孤独(AS)是最常见的社交退缩形式，年轻人在熟悉的社交环境中保持孤独 由于社交焦虑，他们比同龄人更容易受到环境(学校)的影响。青年AS预测对成人产生深远影响 心理健康(焦虑、抑郁)和成人参与家庭和家庭发展里程碑的延迟 社会(参与高等教育/工作；实现事业、收入、浪漫伙伴关系、生育)。 我们将在对来自美国国立卫生研究院的230名参与者的青年跟踪研究中调查这些模式- 支持在焦虑的孤独青年中进行多轨迹纵向研究。这个样品取自美国 在这项拟议的研究中，他们的年龄为23-26岁。这个样本是独一无二的，因为1)一半 的参与者最初被选为AS，另一半被进行人口统计匹配的比较 2)以学校为基础的同伴报告进行评估。我们的调查将把5年来现有的 从3-7年级的心理社会发展数据到青壮年(23-26岁)的新的多信息者数据。 目的1：测试青少年作为轨迹(3-5年级)作为青少年适应(1波：23-26)的预测因子。 我们假设年轻人很高，而且还在增长，因为轨迹会预测年轻人适应不良，包括 低质量的人际关系、情感行为的连续性、社交焦虑、发育里程碑的延迟。 目标2：检验青年作为轨迹预测青年的可能性的性别差异 调整。我们假设，青年高潮和增长的轨迹将预测普遍的有害于 男女青年调整(目标1规定)(无性别节制)，与以前不同 研究淡化了对女性社会参与的不利影响。然而，婚姻和生育延迟 可能只发生在青年高增长为轨迹的男性中。 目标3：测试青年作为轨迹与青年之间的联系的人际过程 调整。我们假设，青少年同伴排斥会将青少年高调和不断增长联系在一起 轨迹和年轻人适应不良，因为它限制了人际学习过程的机会 对健康发展至关重要。我们还将测试其他形式的青年和青年作为调解人 人际关系逆境(关系质量)、相关的人际学习和自我发展过程。 结果有望1)更新美国有青年AS病史的年轻人的适应知识；2) 促进青年妇女认识到发展方面的挑战，克服这一趋势 淡化对女性社会参与的影响；以及3)产生关于人际关系的新知识 将青年与成人适应联系起来的过程。对人际关系过程的了解有望提供信息 预防工作，并使家庭、教育机构和工作场所能够促进包容性、健康、 和发展他们的弱势成员。这项研究将为未来的R01提供初步数据。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Youth with anxious solitude (AS), the most common form of social withdrawal, remain alone in familiar social contexts (school) more often than peers due to social anxiety. Youth AS forecasts profound impacts on adult mental health (anxiety, depression) and delays in adult developmental milestones for participation in family and society (participation in higher education/work; achieving a career, income, romantic partnership, procreation). We will investigate these patterns in a young adult follow-up study of the 230 participants from the NIH- supported longitudinal study Multiple Trajectories in Anxious Solitary Youth. This sample was drawn from US public schools and will be age 23-26 at the time of the proposed study. This sample is unique because 1) half of participants were originally selected for AS and the other half were demographically-matched comparison children, 2) AS was assessed with school-based peer reports. Our investigation will connect 5 yrs of existing data on psychosocial development in 3rd-7th grade to new multi-informant data in young adulthood (age 23–26). Aim 1: Test youth AS trajectories (3rd-5th grade) as predictors of young adult adjustment (1 wave: 23-26). We hypothesize youth high and increasing AS trajectories will predict young adult maladjustment, including poor quality relationships, affective-behavioral continuity, social anxiety, delayed developmental milestones. Aim 2: Test gender differences in the likelihood that youth AS trajectories predict young adult adjustment. We hypothesize that youth high and increasing AS trajectories will predict pervasive detriments to young adult adjustment (specified in Aim 1) for both sexes (no gender moderation), in contrast to previous research downplaying detriments to women's societal participation. However, marriage and procreation delays may occur only in men with youth high-increasing AS trajectories. Aim 3: Test interpersonal processes as links between youth AS trajectories and young adult adjustment. We hypothesize that youth peer exclusion will link (mediate) youth high and increasing AS trajectories and young adult maladjustment because it limits opportunity for interpersonal learning processes critical to healthy development. We will also test as mediators additional forms of youth and young adult interpersonal adversity (relationship quality), related interpersonal learning and self-development processes. Results promise to 1) update knowledge of adjustment in American young adults with youth histories of AS; 2) facilitate recognition of developmental challenges in young women with youth AS, counteracting the tendency to downplay impacts on women's societal participation; and 3) generate new knowledge of interpersonal processes that link youth AS to adult adjustment. Knowledge of interpersonal processes promises to inform prevention efforts and enable families, educational institutions, and workplaces to foster the inclusion, health, and development of their vulnerable members. This research will provide preliminary data for a future R01.