Estimating the impact of SNAP, WIC, and UI in the primary prevention of multiple forms of family violence: a causal and computational approach

评估 SNAP、WIC 和 UI 在多种形式家庭暴力一级预防中的影响：因果和计算方法

• 批准号: 10385067
• 负责人: Derek Scott Brown
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-30 至 2024-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10385067
• 关键词: Estimating; impact; SNAP; WIC; UI

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Child and family violence are prevalent, costly, and serious public health problems which have been linked to household economic stress, which has also been greatly increased during the Covid-19 pandemic. Supporting household income and reducing food insecurity during periods of under- or unemployment (including the pandemic) may prevent multiple forms of family violence, improving the health, safety, and well-being of children and women. The objective of the proposed research is to rigorously evaluate the impacts of three large, yet under-studied economic assistance programs—the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), and Unemployment Insurance (UI)— on the primary prevention of child abuse and neglect (CAN) and intimate partner violence (IPV) during the 2001- 2020 period. Each of these programs has seen significant changes and emergency adjustments during the Covid-19 pandemic, making it critical for public health policy to understand what impacts these programs have on child and family violence and economic stability. Although these programs are not designed as violence prevention tools, theoretical and empirical research clearly indicates that economic supports have the potential to meaningfully impact child and family violence. We will analyze these programs in context of the broader safety net (e.g., Medicaid expansion, state EITC) to study heterogeneous and interactions effects of policies within and across states. Using robust methods, multiple novel data sources, and outstanding institutional resources, our multidisciplinary team will rigorously evaluate the impacts of the SNAP, WIC, and UI programs as primary prevention for IPV and CAN through three interrelated aims: 1) Measure how access to SNAP and WIC and benefit generosity impacts child abuse and neglect and intimate partner violence in the pre-COVID and COVID-eras. 2) Determine whether COVID-era revisions to the UI program that improved access and generosity provided additional protections to women and children, relative to the pre-COVID era. 3) Provide key contextual data for implementation of policy impacts found in Aims 2 and 3 by assessing the responsiveness of the broader safety net as a tool for primary prevention of violence against women and children. Findings from the proposed research will advance the scientific literature on SNAP, WIC, UI, and safety net programs as potential tools for the primary prevention of child abuse and neglect, and intimate partner violence. We will disseminate accessible, evidence-based scientific findings for a variety of general and research audiences through policy briefs, social media, conference presentations, and peer-reviewed journal publications. The national reach and state variation of these programs creates a key potential opportunity to improve violence prevention, health equity, and well-being. By increasing our understanding of existing programs, this research will help scientists and the public health community to learn more about how economic policy interacts with health and social outcomes.

项目概要/摘要 儿童和家庭暴力是普遍存在的、代价高昂且严重的公共卫生问题，这些问题与 家庭经济压力在 Covid-19 大流行期间也大大增加。配套 家庭收入不足或失业期间（包括失业期间）减少粮食不安全 大流行）可以预防多种形式的家庭暴力，改善儿童的健康、安全和福祉 和妇女。拟议研究的目的是严格评估三个尚未解决的重大问题的影响 未充分研究的经济援助计划——补充营养援助计划 (SNAP)、特别 妇女、婴儿和儿童补充营养计划 (WIC) 和失业保险 (UI) — 2001 年至 2001 年期间关于虐待和忽视儿童（CAN）以及亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的一级预防 2020年期间。这些计划中的每一个都在疫情期间发生了重大变化和紧急调整。 Covid-19 大流行使得公共卫生政策了解这些计划的影响至关重要 儿童和家庭暴力以及经济稳定。虽然这些节目并非设计为暴力 预防工具、理论和实证研究清楚地表明经济支持具有潜力 切实影响儿童和家庭暴力。我们将在更广泛的安全背景下分析这些计划 网（例如，医疗补助扩张、州 EITC）来研究内部和外部政策的异质性和相互作用影响 跨州。利用稳健的方法、多种新颖的数据源和优秀的机构资源，我们 多学科团队将严格评估 SNAP、WIC 和 UI 计划的影响作为主要目标 通过三个相互关联的目标来预防 IPV 和 CAN： 1) 衡量如何获取 SNAP 和 WIC，以及 福利慷慨会影响新冠疫情前和时期的儿童虐待和忽视以及亲密伴侣暴力 新冠时代。 2) 确定新冠病毒时代对 UI 程序的修订是否改善了访问和 与新冠疫情之前的时代相比，慷慨为妇女和儿童提供了额外的保护。 3） 通过评估，为目标 2 和 3 中发现的政策影响的实施提供关键背景数据 更广泛的安全网作为初级预防暴力侵害妇女行为工具的反应能力 和孩子们。拟议研究的结果将推动有关 SNAP、WIC、UI 和 安全网方案作为初级预防儿童虐待和忽视以及亲密伙伴的潜在工具 暴力。我们将为各种一般性研究和研究传播可获取的、基于证据的科学发现 通过政策简报、社交媒体、会议演示和同行评审的期刊出版物向受众展示。 这些计划在全国范围内的影响力和各州的差异为改善暴力创造了一个重​​要的潜在机会 预防、健康公平和福祉。通过增加我们对现有计划的理解，这项研究 将帮助科学家和公共卫生界更多地了解经济政策如何与 健康和社会成果。