Kinematic and Acoustic Analysis of Speech in Autism Spectrum Disorder

自闭症谱系障碍患者言语的运动学和声学分析

• 批准号: 10387357
• 负责人: Marc Maffei
• 金额: $ 3.96万
• 依托单位: MGH INSTITUTE OF HEALTH PROFESSIONS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-12 至 2024-08-11
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10387357
• 关键词: 5 year old; Acoustics; Address; Affect; Age; Area; Articulation; Auditory; Characteristics; Child; Clinical; Communication; Data; Decision Making; Development; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Exhibits; Funding; Genetic Transcription; Goals; Heterogeneity; Human Resources; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Language; Language Disorders; Literature; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Motion; Motivation; Motor; Motor Skills; Movement; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Optics; Pattern; Performance; Pervasive Development Disorder; Population; Reporting; Research; Residual state; Sample Size; Severities; Speech; Speech Disorders; Speed; Standardization; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; United States; Voice; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; base; clinical decision-making; comparison group; design; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; innovation; kinematics; language impairment; language outcome; motor control; motor deficit; motor impairment; multimodality; neurobiological mechanism; novel; peer; phrases; programs; research clinical testing; skills; standardize measure

PROJECT SUMMARY Deficits in speech and language skills are well documented in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a pervasive developmental disorder that affects 1 in 54 children in the United States. Despite the wide range of deficits and the debilitating effect of language impairments, the factors influencing divergent language outcomes in this population remain unknown, and the range of articulatory skills has not been adequately documented. The current study investigates the hypothesis that children with ASD exhibit abnormal articulatory motor control relative to same-age peers based on the premise that (1) it is well established that children with ASD have global motor control deficits, including impairments in both gross and fine motor skills, (2) less is known about their oromotor status, although existing studies have implicated oromotor deficits, and (3) research suggests that oromotor deficits predict poor language outcomes. We will use a comprehensive framework of kinematic and acoustic features representing five key components of articulatory motor control (i.e., coordination, consistency, precision, speed, and rate) to objectively quantify speech skills in children with ASD age 5;0 to 7;11. Motivation for using these features comes from gross motor, fine motor, and articulatory motor literature; however, this study would be the first to combine them in a comprehensive account of articulatory abilities in ASD, and among the first to use optical motion capture technology to assess speech in this population. Data obtained in the proposed project will be compared to normative data from typically developing children in the same age range being collected in a related study. The instrumental assessment of articulatory motor control will provide results that are more reliable and less vulnerable to bias than commonly used perceptual methods. To determine if severity of articulatory deficits predicts concurrent speech and expressive language abilities among children with ASD while controlling for age and non-verbal IQ, we will then examine each feature’s relationship to scores on standardized measures of articulation and expressive language. The findings of this study are critical to (1) furthering our understanding of language deficits in ASD, (2) informing clinical decision-making regarding the use of articulation-based therapies in conjunction with language-based therapies for children with ASD, and (3) addressing ongoing clinical and scientific issues including early detection of ASD and the identification of neurobiological mechanisms influencing communication development.

项目摘要 自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童的言语和语言技能缺陷已得到充分证明，自闭症谱系障碍是一种 在美国，每54名儿童中就有1名患有广泛性发育障碍。尽管范围广泛， 缺陷和语言障碍的削弱作用，影响不同语言结果的因素 在这一人群中仍然是未知的，发音技能的范围没有得到充分的记录。 目前的研究调查的假设，自闭症儿童表现出异常的发音运动控制 与同龄人相比，基于以下前提：（1）ASD儿童具有全球性的 运动控制缺陷，包括粗大和精细运动技能的损伤，（2）对他们的运动能力知之甚少。 尽管现有的研究已经暗示了睾丸功能缺陷，但睾丸功能状态，以及（3）研究表明， 语言缺陷预示着不良的语言结果。我们将使用一个全面的框架， 表示发音运动控制的五个关键组成部分的声学特征（即，协调一致 精确度、速度和速率）客观量化5岁自闭症谱系障碍儿童的言语技能;0至7;11。动机 使用这些功能来自大运动，精细运动和发音运动文献;然而，这 这项研究将是第一个将它们联合收割机结合在一起，全面描述ASD的发音能力， 第一个使用光学运动捕捉技术来评估这一人群的语音。中获得的数据 建议的项目将与同年龄段典型发育儿童的规范性数据进行比较 在一项相关的研究中被收集。发音运动控制的仪器评估将提供结果 比通常使用的感知方法更可靠，更不易受偏见的影响。以确定是否 发音缺陷的严重程度可预测儿童的并发言语和表达语言能力 在控制年龄和非语言智商的同时，我们将研究每一个特征与得分的关系。 发音和表达语言的标准化措施。这项研究的结果对（1） 进一步加深我们对ASD语言缺陷的理解，（2）为临床决策提供信息， 对ASD儿童使用基于发音的治疗与基于语言的治疗相结合，以及（3） 解决正在进行的临床和科学问题，包括ASD的早期检测和 影响沟通发展的神经生物学机制。