Lateralization of sensorimotor behavior and cortical-cerebellar networks in autism

自闭症患者感觉运动行为和皮质小脑网络的偏侧化

• 批准号: 10387931
• 负责人: Walker Stuart McKinney
• 金额: $ 4.04万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2022-06-25
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10387931
• 关键词: 12 year old; Activities of Daily Living; Address; Affect; Age; Autopsy; Behavior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Brain; Cerebellum; Cerebral Dominance; Child; Clinical; Cognitive; Contralateral; Data; Development; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hand; Ipsilateral; Knowledge; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Manuals; Maps; Measures; Mentors; Methods; Motor; Motor Cortex; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Performance; Physiology; Process; Publishing; Research; Research Training; Rest; Sensorimotor functions; Severities; Social Development; Statistical Data Interpretation; Statistical Methods; Structure; Symptoms; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Training; Work; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; base; career; cognitive neuroscience; design; experience; functional outcomes; imaging study; improved; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; morphometry; motor behavior; motor control; programs; sensory mechanism; skills

PROJECT SUMMARY Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder for which brain mechanisms are not yet well understood. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of ASD have implicated reduced functional specialization of select brain networks, but functional specialization of sensorimotor networks in ASD is not well understood. Addressing this knowledge gap is important because sensorimotor behaviors are consistently impacted in ASD, are supported by discrete, well mapped, cortical-cerebellar networks implicated in ASD, and support the development of higher-order cognitive and adaptive skills that are compromised in ASD. Advancing knowledge of the functional specialization of sensorimotor networks in ASD may provide important information on underlying brain processes while also guiding therapeutic strategies. The proposed research will test the central hypothesis that individuals with ASD show reduced lateralization of sensorimotor behavior and the function and structure of associated cortical-cerebellar networks. Under Aim 1, participants with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls will be compared on precision measures of dominant and non-dominant hand sensorimotor control. Individuals with ASD are predicted to show reduced lateralized advantage during dominant- compared to non-dominant performance. Under Aim 2, participants will complete similar precision sensorimotor tests during task-based fMRI. During dominant hand behavior, individuals with ASD are expected to show (1) increased activation and functional connectivity of ipsilateral primary motor cortex (M1) and contralateral cerebellum, and (2) reduced activation and functional connectivity of contralateral M1 and ipsilateral cerebellum. Across both hands, individuals with ASD are expected to show reduced activation and connectivity of right posterior parietal cortex (PPC). Under Aim 3, participants will complete a structural MRI which will provide information on cortical-cerebellar volume. Morphometric analyses of bilateral M1, premotor cortex, PPC, and cerebellum will be conducted. Individuals with ASD are expected to show reduced cortical and cerebellar volumetric asymmetry. The proposed studies are integrated with a training plan designed to provide the fellow with specialized training in sensorimotor behavior and physiology, developmental cognitive neuroscience methods (including measures of functional connectivity and structural morphometry), and statistical methods for characterizing longitudinal development. This training will be supported by the Sponsor whose expertise is in sensorimotor physiology in ASD, and a team of Contributors with complementary expertise in sensorimotor development, functional brain mechanisms of ASD, structural brain development in ASD, and advanced statistical analysis methods for characterizing development. The candidate's Training Plan will support the candidate's advancement towards his long-term goal of developing a research program examining brain mechanisms of sensory and motor issues in neurodevelopmental disorders.

项目摘要 自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种神经发育障碍，其大脑机制尚不清楚 明白ASD的静息状态功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究表明， 减少选择大脑网络的功能专业化，但感觉运动的功能专业化 ASD中的网络还不太清楚。解决这一知识差距很重要，因为感觉运动 行为在ASD中受到一致的影响，受到离散的，映射良好的，皮质-小脑 网络参与ASD，并支持高阶认知和适应技能的发展， 在ASD中受损。推进ASD感觉运动网络功能特化的知识 可能提供有关潜在大脑过程的重要信息，同时也指导治疗策略。的 拟议的研究将测试中心假设，即ASD患者表现出侧化减少， 感觉运动行为和相关的皮质-小脑网络的功能和结构。根据目标1， ASD和典型发展中（TD）控制的参与者将在以下精确测量方面进行比较： 优势手和非优势手感觉运动控制。患有ASD的个体预计会表现出减少的 优势--与非优势表现相比。根据目标2，参与者将 在基于任务的功能磁共振成像中完成类似的精确感觉运动测试。在惯用手行为中， 患有ASD的个体预期显示（1）同侧神经元的激活和功能连接增加， 初级运动皮层（M1）和对侧小脑，和（2）减少激活和功能连接 对侧M1区和同侧小脑区在双手之间，ASD患者预计会显示 右后顶叶皮质（PPC）的激活和连接减少。根据目标3，参与者将 完成结构MRI，提供皮质-小脑体积的信息。形态测定分析 将进行双侧M1、运动前皮质、PPC和小脑的检查。ASD患者预计将 显示皮质和小脑体积不对称性降低。拟议的研究与一个 培训计划旨在为研究员提供感觉运动行为和生理学方面的专门培训， 发展认知神经科学方法（包括功能连接和结构连接的测量） 形态测定法）和用于表征纵向发育的统计学方法。将培训以文件形式进行 由在ASD感觉运动生理学方面具有专业知识的申办者和贡献者团队提供支持 在感觉运动发育、ASD的功能性大脑机制、结构性 ASD的大脑发育，以及表征发育的先进统计分析方法。的 候选人的培训计划将支持候选人实现其长期发展目标， 一项研究计划，旨在研究神经发育障碍中感觉和运动问题的大脑机制。