Building a European Network for the Characterisation and Harmonisation of Monitoring Approaches for Research and Knowledge on Soils (BENCHMARKS)

土壤健康对于气候、环境和社会方面的挑战至关重要。因此，这个土壤健康和食品任务提案直接与其他高等教育任务，以及欧洲绿色协议和从农场到餐桌战略联系在一起。公共和私营部门都在提出一个可持续的愿景，这取决于对管理和政策创新对土壤健康的影响的可靠评估。因此，迫切需要确保欧盟为测量土壤健康设定一个可靠的、具有成本效益的框架基准。根据现有的倡议，如欧盟土壤观测站、EJP土壤和LUCAS表土调查，并使用开放科学方法，基准联盟将共同设计一个综合土壤健康监测框架。该框架将以土壤生态系统功能评估为基础，共同开发一个交互式土壤健康仪表板，用于(1)选择适当的土壤健康指标，(2)土壤健康评估和指数化，以及(3)建议支持土壤健康的管理实践。仪表板将适用于地方、景观、区域和欧洲尺度，适用于城市、农业和林业土地利用系统的各种利益相关者。基准指标将与利益相关者的目标相关，适用于不同的土地使用系统和儿童气候带，并在后勤、财政和敏感性要求方面适当。为了了解指标的适当空间分辨率，土壤健康任务和基准提议的指标（基于样本的测量、统计数据（数据和模型推导的测量）、空间（地球观测技术））和公民科学观测将在欧洲各地的24个生活实验室进行测试。最后，基准将通过增加土壤健康、功能和生态系统服务之间联系的证据，支持政策制定和价值链创新。

Soil health is crucial for challenges related to climate, environment and society. As such, this Soil Health and Food Mission proposal directly links in to the other HE missions, as well as to the European Green Deal and Farm to Fork strategies. Both public and private sectors are proposing a sustainable vision, that depends on a reliable assessment of the effects of management and policy innovations on soil health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to ensure that the EU setsthe benchmark of a reliable cost-effective framework for measuring soil health. In alignment with existing initiatives such as EU Soil Observatory, EJP Soil and the LUCAS Topsoil survey, and using open science approaches, the BENCHMARKS consortium will co-design an Integrated Soil Health Monitoring Framework. This framework will build upon the assessment of soil-based ecosystem functions to co-develop an interactive soil health dashboard for (1) the selection of appropriate soil health indicators, (2) soil health assessment and indexation, and (3) recommendation of management practices to support soil health. The dashboard will be suitable at local, landscape, regional and European scales for a variety of stakeholders in urban, agricultural and forestry land use systems. BENCHMARKS indicators will be relevant to the stakeholder’s objectives, applicable to the different land use systems and pedo-climatic zone and appropriate in terms of logistical, financial and sensitivity requirements. To inform on the appropriate spatial resolution of indicators, the Soil Health Mission and BENCHMARKS proposed indicators (sample-based measurements, stats (data and model derived measurements), space (earth observation techniques)) and citizen science observations will be tested in 24 Living Labs across Europe. Finally, BENCHMARKS will support policy development and value-chain innovation through increased evidence on the links between soil health, functions and ecosystem services.