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The Effects of Diet on the Gut Microbiome and Short Chain Fatty Acids

饮食对肠道微生物组和短链脂肪酸的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10396084
负责人：
NOEL T MUELLER
金额：
$ 5.65万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-05-01 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10396084
关键词：
16S ribosomal RNA sequencing Acetates Adolescent Adopted Affect Ancillary Study Animal Experiments Area Asian Bacteria Bacterial DNA Bioinformatics Black race Blood Pressure Butyrates Cardiometabolic Disease Cardiovascular Diseases Cause of Death Cellular Phone Child Childhood Cholesterol Clinical Nutrition Clinical Research Clinical Trials Clinical Trials Design Communicable Diseases Cross-Sectional Studies DASH diet DNA Data Data Analyses Data Collection Development Development Plans Diet Diet Habits Dietary Factors Dietary Fiber Dietary Intervention Dietary Practices Disease Doctor of Philosophy Domestic Fowls Educational workshop Enrollment Environment Epidemiology Etiology Fatty acid glycerol esters Feces Fiber Fishes Funding Future Gas Chromatography Gastroenterology Goals Guidelines Health Hispanic Human Human Genome Infrastructure Intervention Intervention Studies Intestines Investigation Knowledge Learning Measures Meat Mediating Medicine Mentored Research Scientist Development Award Mentors Mentorship Modification National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Nuts Observational Study Participant Plasma Population Population Heterogeneity Positioning Attribute Prevention Prevention Research Prevention therapy Propionates Public Health Public Health Schools Publishing Race Randomized Reproducibility Research Research Design Research Personnel Role Scientist Sodium Structure Testing Time Training Volatile Fatty Acids Work aged blood pressure reduction boys cardiometabolism cardiovascular disorder prevention career career development cohort design dietary control dietary guidelines disease disparity dysbiosis epidemiology study experience experimental study feeding fruits and vegetables girls gut microbiome gut microbiota high dimensionality innovation meetings microbial microbial community microbial signature microbiome microbiome analysis microbiome composition microbiome research microbiota microorganism mouse model multi-ethnic novel nutrition prevent professor racial diversity racial minority randomized trial recruit saturated fat sex skills success trial design uptake

项目摘要

PROJECT ABSTRACT Noel Theodore Mueller, PhD, MPH, is an Assistant Professor of Epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (JHSPH). He seeks a K01 Award to obtain the skill set, knowledge and mentored research experience critical for his transition from an early career scientist adept in conducting secondary data analyses in observational epidemiologic cohorts to an independent scientist who analyzes and conducts trials designed to intervene on microbial communities that contribute to cardiometabolic disease. Two essential components of his transition into research independence are hands-on mentored training in 1) the conduct and design of clinical trials and translational microbiome experiments and 2) the analysis and interpretation of high-dimensional microbiome data. The proposed K01 Career Development plan will accomplish these goals. One of the most exciting areas of investigation related to prevention of cardiometabolic disease pertains to the etiologic role of the diet-gut microbiome relationship. Research on the gut microbiome as a target for prevention and therapy is an intriguing arena for public health because unlike the human genome, the gut microbiome is modifiable. Observational studies, murine models and small trials suggest dietary factors may exert many of their health effects in the host through modification of the gut microbiota. However, large rigorous trials in humans are needed to determine the effect of diet interventions on the gut microbiota, and whether changes to the gut microbiota associate with treatment-related improvements in cardiometabolic health. The overall objective of this application is to examine the effects of dietary interventions on the gut microbiota and their short chain fatty acid metabolites in racially-diverse participants in randomized trial settings. A secondary objective is to explore if diet-induced changes in the gut microbiota and their metabolites are associated with changes in blood pressure. Dr. Mueller will carry out this research in the rich training environment of the Johns Hopkins Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research and the JHSPH Department of Epidemiology, under the collaborative and supportive mentorship of Dr. Lawrence Appel, MD, MPH, Director of the Welch Center and Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology at the JHSOM and JHSPH; and co-mentor Dr. Cynthia Sears, MD, Professor of Medicine in the Division of Infectious Disease and Gastroenterology. With the support of Dr. Mueller’s mentor, co-mentor and advisors, he is well positioned to complete the proposed activities. In addition to leading this research, Dr. Mueller will attend courses, workshops, seminars, scientific meetings, and participate in weekly study activities with his mentors. This mentored training will enable Dr. Mueller to grow into an independent researcher, with expertise in the design, conduct and analysis of microbiome studies, focused on understanding the intersecting role of nutrition and the microbiome in cardiometabolic diseases.

项目摘要诺埃尔西奥多穆勒博士，公共卫生硕士，是约翰霍普金斯彭博公共卫生学院（JHSPH）的流行病学助理教授。他寻求获得K 01奖，以获得技能，知识和指导的研究经验，这对于他从早期职业科学家转变为独立科学家至关重要，他擅长在观察性流行病学队列中进行二次数据分析，分析和进行旨在干预导致心脏代谢疾病的微生物群落的试验。他向研究独立过渡的两个重要组成部分是在1）临床试验和转化微生物组实验的进行和设计以及2）高维微生物组数据的分析和解释方面的实践指导培训。建议的K 01职业发展计划将实现这些目标。与预防心脏代谢疾病相关的最令人兴奋的研究领域之一涉及饮食与肠道微生物组关系的病因作用。将肠道微生物组作为预防和治疗目标的研究是公共卫生的一个有趣的竞技场，因为与人类基因组不同，肠道微生物组是可以改变的。观察性研究、小鼠模型和小型试验表明，饮食因素可能通过改变肠道微生物群对宿主产生许多健康影响。然而，需要在人体中进行大型严格的试验，以确定饮食干预对肠道微生物群的影响，以及肠道微生物群的变化是否与治疗相关的心脏代谢健康改善相关。本申请的总体目标是在随机试验环境中检查饮食干预对不同种族参与者的肠道微生物群及其短链脂肪酸代谢物的影响。第二个目的是探索饮食诱导的肠道微生物群及其代谢产物的变化是否与血压变化相关。博士Mueller将在约翰霍普金斯韦尔奇预防、流行病学和临床研究中心以及JHSPH流行病学系的丰富培训环境中开展这项研究，并得到韦尔奇中心主任、JHSOM和JHSPH医学和流行病学教授Lawrence阿佩尔博士、医学博士、公共卫生硕士的合作和支持指导;以及共同导师Cynthia Sears博士，医学博士，传染病和胃肠病学系医学教授。在Mueller博士的导师、共同导师和顾问的支持下，他完全有能力完成拟议的活动。除了领导这项研究外，Mueller博士还将参加课程，研讨会，研讨会，科学会议，并与导师一起参加每周的学习活动。这种指导培训将使Mueller博士成长为一名独立的研究人员，在微生物组研究的设计，实施和分析方面具有专业知识，专注于了解营养和微生物组在心脏代谢疾病中的交叉作用。