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Supplement: Active and Nonlinear Models for Cochlear Mechanics

补充：耳蜗力学的主动和非线性模型

基本信息

批准号：
10405710
负责人：
Karl Grosh
金额：
$ 22.52万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10405710
关键词：
Acoustic Nerve Acoustic Stimulation Acoustics Address Age Algorithms Animals Auditory Back Basilar Membrane Behavior Biophysics Cations Cells Cochlea Cochlear Implants Code Communities Complex Computer software Computing Methodologies Development Electric Stimulation Elements Failure Freedom Frequencies Funding Goals Grant Hair Hair Cells Health Hearing Hybrids Inner Hair Cells Lead Length Libraries Link Liquid substance Location Loudness Mechanics Microfluidics Modeling Modification Morphology Motivation Music Non-linear Models Organ of Corti Outer Hair Cells Output Pathology Physics Process Prosthesis Publications Research Research Personnel Resources Running Signal Transduction Somatic Cell Speech Speech Recognition Software Speed Structural Models Structure System Testing Time Transducers Travel United States National Institutes of Health Update Variant Water Work base cell motility experimental study fluid flow graphical user interface improved interest mathematical model millimeter models and simulation neural stimulation neurotransmitter release noninvasive diagnosis normal hearing open source otoacoustic emission parent grant predictive modeling pressure repository response simulation sound speech processing tectorial membrane tool user-friendly web site

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY: Fluid flow stimulates the hair bundles (HB) of the inner hair cells (IHC) of the cochlea opening the mechano- electric transducer (MET) channels of the IHCs. The resulting current depolarizes the cell body inducing neurotransmitter release and, ultimately, auditory nerve stimulation. The active machinery of the cochlea, driven by motility of outer hair cells (OHC), both tunes the microfluidic excitation of the IHC HBs and provides for nonlinear compression. However, the relative influence of OHC somatic and HB motility on this final fluidic forcing in the cochlea has yet to be conclusively determined. The specific aims of the parent grant seek to develop mathematical models of these phenomena and rigorously test hypotheses of activity via comparison to existing experiments and work with our collaborators to devise feasible new experiments to test our predictions. This supplement aims to broaden the impact of this work by making a streamlined version of code used in our previous publications available for use and modification by the auditory computation community. We will do this by using open-source software platforms to host our code. This will enable the direct use of the code for simulations under different operating conditions and for modification and improvement of the code. We will publicize this activity through our website, publications, and other presentations. The overarching goal of this research is to develop a complete fluid-mechanical-electrical model that describes the response of the cochlea to external acoustic stimulation. If successful, this model will enhance our understanding of failure mechanisms in the cochlea, answering important questions as to which morphological elements of the cochlea fail and why. Further, this predictive code holds the promise to improve noninvasive diagnosis of auditory function because features of the cochlear response (such as otoacoustic emissions) can be linked to specific pathologies. Finally, having a predictive model over the entire audio spectrum will help us to understand how important classes of signals are processed in the cochlea (such as speech and music) and such understanding can lead to better speech processing algorithms or cochlear implant electrical stimulation approaches.

项目概要：流体流动刺激耳蜗的内毛细胞（IHC）的毛束（HB），打开机械传导通路。 IHC的电换能器（MET）通道。产生的电流使细胞体去极化，神经递质释放，最终，听觉神经刺激。耳蜗的活动机制，由外毛细胞（OHC）的运动性驱动，既调节了IHC HB的微流体激发，用于非线性压缩。然而，OHC体细胞和HB运动性对最终流体的相对影响耳蜗中的受力还有待最终确定。父母补助金的具体目标是开发这些现象的数学模型，并通过与现有的实验，并与我们的合作者设计可行的新实验，以测试我们的预测。本补充旨在通过制作代码的精简版本来扩大这项工作的影响在我们以前的出版物中使用，可供听觉计算社区使用和修改。我们将通过使用开源软件平台来托管我们的代码来实现这一点。这将使直接使用代码在不同的操作条件下的模拟和修改和改进的代码。我们将通过我们的网站，出版物和其他演示文稿宣传这项活动。这项研究的首要目标是开发一个完整的流体机械电气模型，耳蜗对外部声音刺激的反应。如果成功，这种模式将提高我们的理解耳蜗的故障机制，回答重要的问题，耳蜗的某些部分会失效以及原因此外，这种预测代码有望提高非侵入性听觉功能的诊断，因为耳蜗反应的特征（例如耳声发射）可以与特定的病理学有关。最后，在整个音频频谱上建立预测模型将有助于我们了解耳蜗如何处理重要的信号类别（如语音和音乐），这种理解可以导致更好的语音处理算法或耳蜗植入电刺激接近。