Developmental Psychology Training Grant

项目概要：美国年轻人在更多样化的环境中成长。这些 环境深刻地影响健康和福祉，在整个生命过程中既有积极的影响，也有消极的影响。 然而，人们对经济、文化、种族和家庭环境如何从生物学角度 以及在发育过程中这种与生物学的相互作用如何影响发育的轨迹。 和健康结果。知识稀少的部分原因是，很少有调查人员具有以下方面的专业知识： 成功地解决这些问题所必需的三个领域，即发展科学， 背景，人类神经生物学和先进的研究方法。我们提出了一个培训计划， 填补这个空白。目标是培养一批优秀的研究生和博士后研究员， 知识支柱：（1）背景的发展科学;（2）人类神经生物学，包括大脑 发育、基因组学和内分泌功能;以及（3）先进的研究方法（例如，预测 分析，机器学习，比较方法）。这种交叉训练，是建立在一个 了解基本的发展过程，将产生研究人员很好地定位进行切割- 边缘研究，推进关于神经生物学因素如何与环境相互作用的知识， 跨多个领域发展。接受培训的人将满足日益增长的需求， 发展科学家将神经科学的观点和方法融入他们的计划， 研究和拥有成功的，协作的，跨学科的工作在接口的必要技能， 神经生物学、情境和行为发展。对这一专门知识的需求很大，预计 增长多年来，鉴于缺乏个人与跨学科的培训和令人兴奋的最近 我们对神经生物学在心理发展中的作用的理解的进步。我们要求资金， 每年资助4名高级预科生和2名博士后。学员将参加为期2年的系列培训 课程和直接导师为基础的研究培训，使他们能够整合工作的背景，人类 神经生物学和先进的方法学。每名学员将有三名导师，内容包括：（1） 背景，（2）人类神经生物学，（3）先进的方法。培训计划将设在 发展领域（心理学系内），其中有22名参与教师。一个 另一个优势是，培训补助金包括13名来自其他单位的教员，包括人类 遗传学，生物心理学，认知和认知神经科学，语言学，儿科学和精神病学。的 培训将利用密歇根大学的丰富资源，包括综合性的广泛培训， 研究和高级方法学/统计学课程。该培训计划将准备博士预科和 博士后学生在背景和人类神经生物学的发展科学的桥梁研究， 以确定社会环境如何与遗传学和大脑相互作用，以指导发展。

PROJECT SUMMARY: American youth are growing up in more contextually varied circumstances. These circumstances profoundly impact health and well-being, both positively and negatively across the life course. However, little is known about how economic, cultural, ethnic and family contexts become biologically embedded and how this interaction with biology during development influences trajectories of developmental and health outcomes. Part of the reason for the sparse knowledge is that few investigators have expertise in the three domains necessary to successfully grapple with these questions, namely, developmental science of context, human neurobiology, and advanced research methods. We propose a training program that will help fill this gap. The objective is to train an outstanding cohort of graduate students and postdoctoral fellows on 3 pillars of knowledge: (1) developmental science of context; (2) human neurobiology, including brain development, genomics, and endocrine function; and (3) advanced research methods (e.g., predictive analytics, machine learning, comparative approaches). This cross-training, which is predicated on an understanding of basic developmental processes, will produce researchers well positioned to conduct cutting- edge research that advances knowledge about how neurobiological factors interact with contexts to influence development across multiple domains. Those who receive this training will meet the growing demand for developmental scientists who integrate neuroscience perspectives and methods into their programs of research and possess the requisite skills for successful, collaborative, interdisciplinary work at the interface of neurobiology, context, and behavioral development. The demand for this expertise is strong and predicted to grow for years to come, given the paucity of individuals with the interdisciplinary training and the exciting recent advances in our understanding of the role of neurobiology in psychological development. We request funds to support 4 advanced predoctoral and 2 postdoctoral trainees each year. Trainees will engage in a 2-year series of courses and direct mentor-based research training that will allow them to integrate work on context, human neurobiology, and advanced methodology. Each trainee will have three mentors, covering (1) development of context, (2) human neurobiology, and (3) advanced methodology. The training program will be housed in the Developmental Area (within the Department of Psychology), which has 22 participating faculty members. An additional strength is that the training grant includes 13 faculty members from other units including Human Genetics, Biopsychology, Cognition and Cognitive Neuroscience, Linguistics, Pediatrics, and Psychiatry. The training will draw on the rich resources of the University of Michigan, including extensive training in integrative research, and courses in advanced methodology/statistics. The training program will prepare predoctoral and postdoctoral students to bridge research in the developmental science of context and human neurobiology in order to determine how the social environment interacts with genetics and the brain to guide development.