Socio-Cultural Protective and Risk Factors of Alcohol Use among Non-Hispanic White and Hispanic Sexual Minority Youth

项目总结/摘要： NIAAA将未成年人饮酒确定为一个具有严重后果的公共卫生问题。性少数青年 (SMY)饮酒的人甚至会产生更糟糕的后果，比如患癌症的风险增加， 行为，和自杀企图，由于他们的污名化的身份。西班牙裔SMY可能面临更大的风险， 发展酒精使用的问题，因为添加剂的地位为基础的歧视，可能会产生的， 在性别和种族上都是少数少数压力理论认为，遭受歧视的年轻人 事件通过使用酒精来科普心理困扰。迄今为止，人们对西班牙裔SMY 对社会压力源的反应或社会文化保护因素（即，应对策略、社会支持）和 消极和积极的影响可能介导这些压力源对西班牙裔SMY的酒精使用的影响。EMA是一个 独特的方法，可以评估少数民族的压力理论，心理困扰，和酒精使用实时， 然而，它还没有被用来评估这种关系与西班牙SMY。根据NIH最近的呼吁， 增加对性少数群体健康的研究，这个职业发展奖（K 08）的研究目标是 目的：1）评估少数民族压力、酒精和保护因素措施的可接受性和可行性， 西班牙裔和白色SMY之间的生态瞬时评估（EMA）; 2）检查少数民族的影响 强调SMY的酒精使用和情感的中介作用; 3）检查社会文化风险， 酒精使用的保护因素。本研究将分3个阶段进行。在第一阶段，措施将是 使用对西班牙裔和白色SMY的认知访谈开发（N=20或直到达到饱和）。相 2将包括对西班牙裔和白色SMY（N=20）进行为期两周和治疗后的EMA试点EMA测试 EMA认知访谈，以评估EMA的可行性和可接受性。在第3阶段，最终的EMA 将在30天内进行，以评估少数民族的压力，影响和社会文化保护因素， 50名西班牙裔和50名白色SMY的饮酒情况。K 08提出的研究和导师计划将有助于 候选人在以下方面发展专业知识：1）青年饮酒的发展和进展; 2）风险和 SMY中酒精使用的保护因素; 3）生态瞬时评估（EMA）方法; 4） 深入的纵向数据分析，用于分析EMA; 5）措施的文化适应， 对SMY颜色的干预。培训目标将建立在候选人之前的培训基础上：1）积极的 青年发展之间的颜色; 2）对物质使用的歧视的影响; 3）定性 分析; 4）高级统计分析。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: NIAAA identifies underage drinking as a public health issue with serious consequences. Sexual minority youth (SMY) who use alcohol have even worse consequences, such as increased risk of cancer, risky sexual behavior, and suicidal attempts, due to their stigmatized identity. Hispanic SMY may be at even greater risk of developing alcohol use problems because of the additive status-based discrimination that may arise from being a sexual and ethnoracial minority. Minority stress theory posits that youth who experience discriminatory events cope with psychological distress by using alcohol. To date, little is known about how Hispanic SMY respond to social stressors or how socio-cultural protective factors (i.e., coping strategies, social support) and negative and positive affect may mediate these stressors’ effects on Hispanic SMY’s use of alcohol. EMA is a unique method that can assess minority stress theory, psychological distress, and alcohol use in real-time, however it has not been used to assess this relationship with Hispanic SMY. In line with NIH’s recent call for increased research on sexual minority health, the research aims of this Career Development Award (K08) are to: 1) Assess the acceptability and feasibility of the minority stress, alcohol, and protective factor measures in ecological momentary assessment (EMA) between Hispanic and white SMY; 2) Examine the effects of minority stress on SMY’s alcohol use and the mediating effects of affect; and 3) Examine the sociocultural risk and protective factors of alcohol use. This study will be conducted in 3 phases. In Phase 1, the measures will be developed using cognitive interviews with Hispanic and white SMY (N=20 or until saturation is reached). Phase 2 will consist of a pilot-EMA testing of the EMA with Hispanic and white SMY (N=20) over two-weeks and post- EMA cognitive interviews to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the EMA. In phase 3, the finalized EMA will be conducted over a 30-day period to assess minority stress, affect, and sociocultural protective factors of alcohol use among 50 Hispanic and 50 white SMY. This K08 proposed study and mentor plan will help the candidate develop expertise in 1) The development and progression of alcohol use in youth; 2) Risk and protective factors of alcohol use in SMY; 3) Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) methodologies; 4) Intensive longitudinal data analysis for analyzing EMA; and 5) cultural adaptation of measures and interventions for SMY of color. The training goals will build off of the candidate’s prior training in 1) Positive youth development among youth of color; 2) The effects of discrimination on substance use; 3) qualitative analysis, and 4) advanced statistical analysis.