Decision making in the context of multi-attribute options

多属性选项背景下的决策

• 批准号: 10428348
• 负责人: Aster Perkins
• 金额: $ 4.68万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10428348
• 关键词: Acute; Affect; Animals; Anxiety Disorders; Area; Attention; Behavioral; Brain; Choice Behavior; Clinical Treatment; Code; Color; Complex; Data; Decision Making; Disease; Electrophysiology (science); Food; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Lead; Length; Link; Macaca mulatta; Mediating; Monkeys; Neurobiology; Neurons; Nutritional; Outcome; Play; Population; Population Analysis; Positioning Attribute; Price; Primates; Probability; Process; Rewards; Role; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction; Source; Stimulus; Substance Use Disorder; Sucrose; Task Performances; Taste Perception; Techniques; Testing; Training; Visual; Visual Accommodation; Visual attention; base; behavior change; economic value; frontal eye fields; gaze; improved; insight; neural circuit; neural correlate; neuromechanism; neuropsychiatry; neurotransmission; nutrition; relating to nervous system; therapy development

Project Summary There is often not an obvious best choice when making a decision, particularly when deciding between options that have multiple features, or attributes. For example, when deciding between lunch options, one might factor the taste, price, and nutritional quality of an option into one's selection. Additionally, such choices may also be influenced by other processes, such as the choice context or one's attention. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) plays an important role in representing associations between stimuli and values, and has been suggested to represent the overall value of an option integrated across its attributes. However, it remains unknown whether options are necessarily evaluated only on the basis of an integrated value, as suboptimal decision-making effects like the attraction effect point to the possibility of within-attribute comparison. Furthermore, choice behavior is known to interact with visual attention to produce choice biases, indicating a role for the frontal eye fields (FEF), an area linked to visual attention and also known to respond to the value of visual targets. In order to investigate how multi-attribute choices are instantiated in neural activity, we will train two rhesus macaques on a multi-attribute decision making task, in which each of two simultaneously-presented options consists of two attributes: the sweetness of that option's sucrose reward, and the probability that the animal will receive that reward. The information about each attribute is represented by separate bars that either increase or decrease with increasing attribute value, a relationship that was denoted by the color of the bar. This allows us to investigate both free-viewing gaze behavior and changes in choice behavior due to differences in attribute value as well as visual presentation. Our preliminary data show that when the stimuli of shared attributes matched each other across option (e.g., both reward bars increased in size with increasing sweetness), choice behavior improved from baseline, while when the stimuli of shared attributes did not match each other across option (e.g., reward bar A increased in size with increasing sweetness, while reward bar B decreased), choice of the better option became suboptimal, implying a role for within-attribute comparison in the choice process. This proposal combines robust behavioral techniques with high channel-count multi-unit recording in OFC and FEF to investigate how multi- attribute options are compared and how attention is involved in complex decisions. We hypothesize that correlates of attribute value and comparison will be present in the OFC, and that functional connectivity between OFC and FEF will depend on the focus of visual attention during choice and valuation. Our ultimate goal is to further elucidate the neural mechanisms of complex decision-making to better guide the development of treatments for neuropsychiatric conditions in which it is impaired.

项目摘要 在做决定时，通常没有一个明显的最佳选择，特别是在 具有多个特征或属性的选项。例如，在决定午餐选择时， 可能会将口味，价格和营养质量纳入选择中。此外，这样的 选择也可能受到其他过程的影响，如选择的背景或一个人的注意力。的 眶额皮层（OFC）在表征刺激和值之间的关联方面起着重要作用， 并且已经被建议表示在其属性中集成的选项的总体价值。然而，在这方面， 目前尚不清楚是否有必要仅根据综合价值对备选方案进行评价， 次优决策效应，如吸引效应，指向属性内 对比此外，选择行为与视觉注意相互作用，产生选择偏差， 这表明额叶眼场（FEF）的作用，这是一个与视觉注意力相关的区域，也被认为是对视觉注意力的反应。 视觉目标的价值。为了研究多属性选择如何在神经活动中被实例化， 我们将训练两只恒河猴进行多属性决策任务， 错误呈现的选项包含两个属性：选项的蔗糖奖励的甜味， 以及动物得到奖励的概率关于每个属性的信息是 由单独的条表示，这些条随属性值的增加而增加或减少， 用颜色来表示。这使我们能够研究自由观看的凝视行为， 由于属性值和视觉呈现的差异而导致的选择行为的变化。我们的初步 数据显示当共享属性的刺激在选项上彼此匹配时（例如，两个奖励 随着甜度的增加，选择行为从基线改善，而当 共享属性的刺激在选项之间彼此不匹配（例如，奖励条A的大小随着 增加甜度，而奖励条B减少），更好的选择变得次优， 这意味着属性内比较在选择过程中的作用。该提案结合了强大的 在OFC和FEF中使用高通道数多单位记录的行为技术，以研究多单位 属性选项进行比较，以及注意力如何参与复杂的决策。我们假设 属性值和比较的相关性将存在于OFC中，并且功能连接性 OFC和FEF之间的差异将取决于选择和估值过程中视觉注意力的焦点。我们的最终 目标是进一步阐明复杂决策的神经机制，以更好地指导 开发针对其受损的神经精神疾病的治疗方法。