Nicotine Withdrawal and Reward Processing: Connecting Neurobiology toReal-World Behavior

项目总结/摘要 这个K23指导的以患者为导向的研究职业发展奖的目标是提供 候选人，博士贾森奥利弗，与必要的培训，建立一个职业生涯作为一个独立的调查员 开展关于烟草使用和戒烟的转化研究。目前了解的 负责驱动吸烟行为的机制是有限的，现有的戒烟治疗方法 最多也就是适度有效。拟议的培训和研究项目以一个新的框架为中心， 理解吸烟行为，强调通过吸烟获得的回报之间的不平衡 相对于其他不吸烟的环境奖励而言，吸烟是最好的。这项研究将检验尼古丁的作用 60名吸烟者因奖励不平衡而退出。将采用创新战略， 系统地识别与个人相关的吸烟和替代奖励，以提高 奖励和增加发现的潜力，为临床干预措施的发展提供信息。一 翻译方法将用于评估奖励反应在实验室内平行，以及 使用移动的技术在实验室外实时监控。在第一个目标中，我们将研究尼古丁的作用 对个人相关的吸烟和不吸烟奖励图像的神经生物学反应的退缩 使用功能性神经成像（fMRI）从吸烟者的自然环境中获取刺激。第二个目标， 我们将研究戒断对他们参与这些行为的频率的影响， 奖励反应的大小。第三个目标将研究实验室和真实的之间的关系- 世界反应。结果将增强我们对奖赏失衡的神经机制的理解， 这些机制在推动吸烟行为中所起的作用。作为更广泛的职业发展的一部分， 申请人，他将接受培训，从一个团队的成熟的调查人员与专业知识有关的 以上话题。Adam Leventhal博士将提供关于替代奖励在吸烟中的作用的概念培训。 博士Scott Huettel将提供神经经济学的概念培训和功能经济学的方法论培训。 神经成像Jean Beckham博士将提供评估现实世界吸烟的方法学培训 行为Robert Schnoll博士将提供吸烟临床试验设计和分析方面的培训 停止Joseph McClernon博士将指导整体专业人员，并为功能培训做出贡献。 神经影像学、戒烟临床试验和转化研究项目的开发更多 大致上最终，此K23应用程序将为候选人提供必要的培训和经验 作为一名独立的研究科学家，对吸烟进行基础和应用研究 行为，并在完成奖励后成功竞争R 01资金。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The goal of this K23 Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award is to provide the candidate, Dr. Jason Oliver, with the training necessary to establish a career as an independent investigator conducting translational research on tobacco use and smoking cessation. Current understanding of the mechanisms responsible for driving smoking behavior is limited and existing smoking cessation treatments are modestly effective at best. The proposed training and research project center on a novel framework for understanding smoking behavior emphasizing the imbalance between rewards attainable through cigarette smoking relative to other non-smoking environmental rewards. The study will examine the effects of nicotine withdrawal on reward imbalances among 60 cigarette smokers. An innovative strategy will be used to systematically identify personally-relevant smoking and alternative rewards in order to enhance the salience of the rewards and increase the potential for findings to inform the development of clinical interventions. A translational approach will be used to assess reward responses in parallel inside the laboratory as well as outside the lab in real-time using mobile technology. In the first aim, we will examine the effects of nicotine withdrawal on neurobiological responses to images of personally-relevant smoking and non-smoking reward stimuli taken from the smoker’s natural environment using functional neuroimaging (fMRI). In the second aim, we will examine the effects of withdrawal on the frequency with which they engage in these behaviors and the magnitude of the reward response. The third aim will examine the relationship between laboratory and real- world responses. Results will enhance our understanding of the neural mechanisms of reward imbalances and the role these mechanisms play in driving smoking behavior. As part of the broader career development of the applicant, he will receive training from a team of well-established investigators with expertise related to the above topics. Dr. Adam Leventhal will provide conceptual training in the role of alternative rewards in smoking. Dr. Scott Huettel will provide conceptual training in neuroeconomics and methodological training in functional neuroimaging. Dr. Jean Beckham will provide methodological training in the assessment of real-world smoking behavior. Dr. Robert Schnoll will provide training in the design and analysis of clinical trials for smoking cessation. Dr. Joseph McClernon will guide overall professional and contribute to training in functional neuroimaging, smoking cessation clinical trials and the development of a translational research program more broadly. Ultimately, this K23 application will provide the candidate with the training and experience necessary to function as an independent research scientist conducting both basic and applied research on smoking behavior and successfully compete for R01 funding upon completion of the award.